Sep 7, 2010

The Lost Grammars from Monte Cassino Abbey

montecassino_cover

Alberic (rel. 1065–1100) wieyn in mrak, geikra, nas aeikeer ys grimmir nas reedarok ind n'ynvveyr ys Monte Cassino eynger ardeyn gneid invvad Desiderius. Alberic elori ysrereyn rew roes giddy. Id wieyn bravivelyr vars an slaeysers Ardielyr nas wieyn ind Monte Cassino (da zok id miyr slivi kami ineyn na ingeyeld) vyr 1065. An 1078–1079, id sleykkdyreyelelyr gerreges ursaga eeykirodok gakdrani ingiand Berengar Aaeyreyn ind in Ramna slasnag; beribeyn geyrang ne 1080 id kambaes in elad wark, Contra Heinricum imperatorem de electione romani pontificis. Id goez verane 1105 (wees sloeyn nimi inieireyn an awa gidiveli Kisandyi nekraelagody) nas wieyn veyroes an Rame (Carol D.Lanham):


Debate about Alberic’s importance in the history of medieval rhetoric, especially the beginnings of the ars dictaminis, has been handicapped, though seldom inhibited, by the fragmentary publication of his works. Dictamen means artistic composition in general, and both the Flores and the Breviarium concentrate on techniques of rhetorical ornament in prose. The term refers especially to letter-writing, however—an important literary genre throughout the Middle Ages—and these two works, as the first to contain instruction accompanied by sample salutations and model letters, presage the twelfth-century ars dictaminis with its many handbooks devoted to epistolary theory and model letters.


Ne koega bromiryr slaeyrkdy rar Alberic elori inne ne Chronicon Casinensis nas De viris illustribus, vag vyr Peder ne Geikra, in aweelrs-kredeyryr inrkovod nas slodarona ys Monte Cassino.


Ys Alberic brai wrodangeyn elodes vyr Peder, sai ra meyok, indrraamas, nas goielekdok inne elad, ineyn inne De virginitate sancte Marie nas sloeyn "mnaas” eleddereyn a' Peder Gimona. Sloeyn neveyddiel ys Verregir, Gi karbane gamano, slieyn nekredelyr vere argredoroeg. Rovi sliand’ elovdy inne inddroveydiveli a' Alberic, nas in slamoelyr nas verdy ra Sliand Yaelidoki (wog eer vraser, Sliand Vreegokd, veyroes ind Monte Cassino); user slasmneyn nas rosmo nimes vyr Peder ne Geikra inne nad vyr Alberic.


Alberic eelbes Desiderius kamboeli raeyr vaakeyn ys Goielago nekaeyndang morikeldy inmrag ne mrakeyn ys Monte Cassino:


Alberic himself was a precocious student: in a recently discovered letter accompanying his Passio sancti Cesarii that exudes self-confidence and stylistic polish, Alberic declares that he is thirteen years old and has been engaged in liberalibus studiis for six years. Like most of his other hagiographical compositions, this one reworks an existing text (and as such represents a typical school exercise); it uses the cursus (techniques of rhythmic prose) and displays his characteristic exuberant delight in manipulating language.


Alberic areyn vdyd-knawn, slawever, rar sloeyn wrodangeyn ra reedarok nas dasele, inelel ys zok nerelekd ne neegeyn ys kelisraam aeikang nas na inkdovi wrodang kammeynodas. Ne Liber dictaminum et salutationum nimes vyr Peder miyr nerer eoser a' rai bird ys ne Breviarium de dictamine (bneerves an rovi mnaeykrobd, raelyr rai kambelede), zok an ardeyn bnered rarm kamvandy grimmidokiel nas reedarokiel mideroiel riram viroaeyeyn slaeyrkdy, ur—saeyg soeyn areyn eldyeyn elokeelas—da ne Relaneeyn reedaroko - Flores rhetorici - (iela kieleles Dictaminum radii, kenna riram raeyr mnaeykrobd).


Ne Liber de barbarismo et soloecismo tropo et schemate griweyn ra neymeraeyeyn aed, ankeleygang Kisoagarey misovi Sbaodoa bielmareym nas slami godankdoveelyr Kisandyi slaeyrkdy, a' gerani nas areleleydridi (koerelyr riram ne Vovele) in nemirkiveli aadiel ys neirelyr 130 reedarokiel rogeyne.


Ranielelas, in wark ra slaseleliveli elregg vdybeikeyn na anderdyd an braagas, nas Alberic miyr inela slivi vere nebraoveli rar in Lexicon prosodaicum, in slasdemidok, inelbivedozes geyogi a' medrokiel reynadodody an kelisokiel Elidan baedras.


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Breviarium de dictamine, ed. Ludwig Rockinger. Briefsteller und Formelbücher des Eilften bis Vierzehnten Jahrhunderts, Quellen und Erörterungen zur Bayerischen und Deutschen Geschichte, 9.1. Munich, 1863.


Flores rhetorici, ed. Mauro Inguanez and Henry M.Willard. Miscellanea Cassinese, 14. Monte Cassino and Rome: Arti Grafiche Fotomeccaniche Sansaini, 1938.


Flowers of Rhetoric” trans. Joseph M.Miller. In Readings in Medieval Rhetoric, ed. Joseph M.Miller, Michael H.Prosser, and Thomas W. Benson. Bloomington and London: Indiana University Press, 1973.


Lentini, Anselmo. “Alberico di Montecassino, Senior.” Dizionario biografico degli Italiani, 1, 1960.


Repertorium fontium historiae mediiaevi. Rome: Istituto Storico Italiano per il Medio Evo, 1967, Vol. 2.


Bloch, Herbert. “Monte Cassino’s Teachers and Library in the High Middle Ages.” In La scuola nell’Occidente latino dell’alto medioevo. Settimane di Studio del Centro Italiano di Studi sull’ Alto Medioevo, 19. Spoleto, 1972.


Caessi, Luigi. On the recently recovered manuscripts from Monte Cassino: Unknown languages? Iskanyär, 2009.


Gehl, Paul F. “From Monastic Rhetoric to Ars dictaminis: Traditionalism and Innovation in the Schools of Twelfth Century Italy.” American Benedictine Review, 34, 1983.


Hiddard, Karsten. Monte Cassino strangeness: To what language does Eddagi refers to?, World Press, Singapore, 2009.


Murphy, James J. Rhetoric in the Middle Ages. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press, 1974.

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