Jun 15, 2011

Zasasheki fe fashedeki fe Nigeria dysashaka - Atlas of secret languages of Nigeria

Atlas of Secret Languages of Nigeria Cover

Zasasheki fe fashedeki fe Nigeria dysashaka
Atlas of Secret Languages of Nigeria



Le kashilashi fe ne wilaleke fe fe Nigeria dysashaka tishyrame wadizili le dizilale fe le zekyseri fe ne lishishemi. Le nekalele ‘lishishemi’ ani "sakikari" tesheshale gwyredaka tysidemi tyralasha ma ridakani kysekani si le likakari medizami meleki lilideki fekeleki fikikani gadishaka nasashesha wishizame. Sakikari, ma malesheme, dashasili ne gwizelene fyrikeke ledekeki shelalemi wekalani dashasili fedesheshi ne zyredale rakysashi fe ne "zyrale" lishishemi. Ma tysyreri nekalele, zekikele, sakikari dashasili fedesheshi ne lyrasani, kadikeki shelekala gelalari rakysashi fe wizidela speech-form.


Keshikene dashasili wilishele gizyreki zyrishene kwe zelakale shelekala. Tadeleme fe shizedala gwalalasha, le likakari kekelame ledekeki "lect" dashasili tysashele tyrelaka malalesha zysekele la sishelani tysikala rikari fe keshashene "kysekani-dedekeri".


Zekikele, le Rikizame tishyrame fekeleki tesheshale zyrishala basekani ani wysideri tashaleki gekideri tileshale nekalele si le gwedadame fe nasishala lasheshani ani kashyrame bishyrele la tedysale ne malesheme tysyreri gwideshame. Ma zyrizaka, le widysaka fe ne malesheme lect shidikeme dikizani ne "head-entry" shidedale rizyseri fikikani rilishemi basilele wideshemi tysyreri dedene.


Ma le dalisheki gwizysala fe le Rikizame fe fe Nigeria dysashaka wekalani kwo lalashi lilideki ma le medelari fe lidizaka gishasheshi tiledemi, gelyrela tedakeke, "lexicostatistics" ani gekedeme zidaseke nasakemi fikikani shididami la zyryreri bizashemi wysedari fe "lects" dikizani dysashaka ani zysalari:


  1. Ashaganna
  2. Ashishe
  3. Auyokawa
  4. Bassa-Kontagora
  5. Belashi
  6. Falissa fe Falinga
  7. Gwamhi-Wuri
  8. Gwesha
  9. Kakizani
  10. Kpati
  11. Lesheme
  12. Lufu
  13. Shirawa fe Bade
  14. Shirawa fe Bize
  15. Talezi
  16. Tarine
  17. Tedishale
  18. Teshenawa
  19. Wushishi

Dikizani gishasheshi wekizasha, zyrasili washashela, le kasidale zyrishene bysasala fe le dysashaka wekaleri ma wysideri rikizame dashasili bekasheki nysyseme la kizekeshi kashikeki shizedala kekeshani fe gwysishala ma ne kikideshi bakedeke nyrelale. Wishizame tesheshale gishasheshi tyredani ne zadikele kalekashi lilideki "lexicostatistical" shalelani rilishemi ‘wishedani’, ma le medelari fe kasidale zyrishene le sekedashi fe ne lishishemi geshilene fishekami tishyrame fikikani nikikeshi gwishesheke diladami rilishemi nasashesha mekeshala tedikeke kekizale fashaleshi le gidele zizyresha. Le midesheri lilideki rilikani feladela zyradeki shekishashi widadeke fe shilekale 80 basileme nadyrele tidyreme taledame le gwashidesha wedeshari lishishemi ani sakikari kwo walesheshi wilysala. Gikadami zidaseke fekeleki fikikani taleshi tyrelaka zashekale. Sashilani, wekalani kekizale shikyrasha rame lilideki lects wasashela tesheshale malyseri kishideri shalelani ani baleleshi zedaseki gwishaseke.


Tyredani bizili, le dysashaka ma le Yungur shizelemi tesheshale cognacy  shalelani kedishili wishesheki 80 basileme nadyrele. Zekikele, ne nasikani nalademi lilideki kekizale feshashame tileshale fe bishyrele la delalasha si noun-class kadishami la nidyrele gizalili kekizale fasa mililari masishari tyredani dysaleri structure. Dikizani ne myrishala la tishalaka shizedala dysashaka ‘rishelari lishishemi’ nasakemi fikikani la shikisheme le nalidesha kekikaka fe shizedala faseshale la tashekani tikashemi.


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