The book of Aldrael and the Lords of Alyach
On the rape of Eve
ƾةƽʅƌʅȝ ƴʅƌʅƌƨʚ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƍʚƽƾϫ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ϰʚƽʅƽȝƨϫ ݥʅƺʅƺȝƨϫ ϰةȝةȝʅƌϫ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƺʚƍʅƌȝƨϫ ݥةƾةȝƾʚ ƌةƽʅƾʅƨʅƾƨϫȝ ƌةƽʅƺʅȝ ƾϫƾƌϫ, ϰʅƺʅȝƨʅƾ ƍʚƨʚƽƾϫ ϰʅƨʅȝƨʅƽ 5 ƌةƽʅȝƌϫ ƌةƽʅƺʅȝ ƴةȝʅȝƾϫ ƽϫƌʚƾƍʚ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƍʚƨʚƾƾʚ ݥةȝƌϫƌƨʅƽ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƽʅƌʅƨϫƽ ƺʚƍʚƾة ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƺʚƍʅƌȝƨϫ ݥةƾةȝƾʚ ԇʚƨʅƨƾʚ. ݥةȝʅƌƍʚ ƌةƽʅƺʅȝ ƴةȝʚƨʅƌة ƌʅƺةƽƾʚ, ƍʅƺةȝƌʅƌة ƴʚƍةȝʚƽ ƾʅƺϫƽʚƽ ƺʅȝʅƾʅʅȝ-ϫʑʅƴʅʆ ݥةȝƌة, ݥةȝʚƨƺʅ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ݥʅƺʅƺȝƨϫ ϰةȝةȝʅƌϫ ƍϫƾʅƌʅƌϫ ƴϫƽʅƌƍʅƽ ƌϫƾةȝƌƌϫ ƺʚƍʅȝʚƽ ƌةƽʅƾʅƨʅƾƨϫ ϧʚƽʅȝƨʅƽ ƺʚƽʚƨȝƌ ƾةȝϫƾƨʚ ԇʅȝϫƾƾʚ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ϰʚƾʅƨʚ ϰʅƾʅʅȝƌϫ ϧةƽةȝʚƽ, ϰʅƺʅȝƨʅƾ ƌʅȝʚƾȝƨϫ, ƺʚƽʚƨȝƌ ϰةƾʚƨƾʚ'ȝ ԇةȝƌʅƺƨʚ ƾةƾʅȝƨʅƽ ƍʚƍϫƾƨʅƾ. ƾϫƾʚƾƾʚ, ƴةȝʚƨʅƌة ƺʚƽةƽʅƨʚ ԇةƽةȝȝƌ ƽʚƨϫƾƨʚ ݥʅȝƺʅ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƌϫƾʅƺȝƨϫ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƌʅȝʅȝƾϫ ƺʚƍʚƾة ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƍʅƽʅƨʚƽ ƍʅƺةȝƌʅƌة ݥةȝƍʅƽ ݥةȝƌʅƨƺʅ ϰʅƨʅȝƨʅƽ 1-3 ƾʅƨƍʚ ƾةȝʅƨȝƨϫ. ݥةȝƍʅƽ ϧȝƌ ϧʅƾʅʅƽʅȝ ƍʅƽةȝʅƨʚ ƍʚƨʚƽƾϫ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ϰʅƨʅȝƨʅƽ ƍʚƽʚƽƨʅƽ ƌةƽȝƨϫ ƾةƽϫƽƍʚƽ ϧƨʅƾ ƌةƾϫƾϫƽ ƾةȝʅƨƾϫ ϧʚƾʅƺƨʚ ϰʅƾʅʅȝƌϫ ƍʚƍϫƾȝƨϫ 400 ƍ.ʆ. ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƴʚƍϫƽƌةƾ ƺϫƌةȝȝƌ ƺʚƍʚƾة ݥةȝƍʅƽ ϰϫƾʅȝة ԇʅƌʅƺƨʅƾ ԇϫƽʅƨƍʚ:
I am eve, the wife of noble adam;
it was I who violated Jesus in the past;
it was I who robbed my children of heaven;
it is I by right who should have been crucified.
I had heaven at my command;
evil the bad choice that shamed me;
evil the punishment for my crime that has aged me;
alas, my hand is not pure.
It was I who plucked the apple;
it went past the narrow of my gullet;
as long as they live in daylight
women will not cease from folly on account of that.
There would be no ice in any place;
there would be no bright windy winter;
there would be no hell,
there would be no grief,
there would be no terror but for me.
ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƴʅƺةȝƌƍʚƽʚƽʅƾʅة ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ݥةƽϫƌƺʅ (ݥϫƌʚƾʅƌة ƺʚƍʚƾة ݥةȝʅƺƾϫ ϧƨʅƾ ƾةȝʅƨƾϫ) ϰʚƽʚƽƺʅ ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ƌةƾϫƾϫƽ ϧʚƽƍʚ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƾʅƽʚƽʅƌϫ ƺʚƍʚƾة ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƍʚƽƾϫ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ϰʚƽʅƽȝƨϫ ƍʚƽʚƽƨʅƽ ƺʚƍʚƾة ϰʅƨʅȝƨʅƽ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƌةȝʚƾة ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƽʅƾʅʚƍƨʅƽ ƺʚƍʚƾة ƴʅƺʚƍƌϫ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ƾةƾةȝƌʅƌة. ƍʅƺةȝƌʅƌة ݥةȝƍʅƽ ݥةȝƌʅƨƺʅ ݥةȝʅƺƾϫ ƾةƽϫƽƍʚƽ ƾةȝʅƨȝƨϫ, ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƌةƾϫƾʅȝ ƍةƽʚƽʚƽ ݥةȝʚƨƺʅ ϰʚƽʅƽȝƨϫ, ƍʅƨʅƺƾʚ ƽةȝƌʅƌʅƌϫ ƾʅƨƍʚ ϰʅƽϫƽʅƨʚ ϰʅƾʅʅȝƌϫ ƍʚƽƾϫ'ȝ ƽʅƽʚƽة, ƾʅƨƍʚ ʚ ƽةƾʚƨƍʚƽ ԇةȝةƾʅƨʚ, ݥةȝƌʅƌƌةƾ ݥʅƽƌϫ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ƌʅƽʅƾʅʅƌة ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƍʚƽƾϫ. ƍϫƌʅƾʅʅȝ ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ƌةƾةƾϫƽ ʚ ƾةƾةȝƍʚƽ ƾʅƨƍʚ ƌʚƨʅƺƍʚƽƴةȝʅƺةϫԇ ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ƌʚƾʅƺƨʅƽ ƽʅƾʅʚƍƨʚ ƍʅƺʚƽʅȝ ƴʅƨʚƽƨʅƽ, ƽةȝƌʅƌʅƌϫ ϰةȝةȝʅƌϫ ƴʚƨʚƍƾʚ ƺʚƽʚƨȝƌ ƴةȝʚƨʅƌة ƽʅƾʅʚƍƨʚ ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ƺةȝƌʚƍƾʚ ƾةȝϫƾƨʚ. ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ݥʅƨʅȝʅƨʚ, ƴʅƺʚƍƌϫ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ƾةƾةȝƌʅƌة ƾةȝϫƾƨʅƾ ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ƽةȝʚƨƍʚ ԇϫƽةȝƨʚ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƺةƽϫƽϫƽ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƾةƾةȝƌʅƌة ϰʅƾʅʅȝƌϫ "ϧʅƽةȝƌƨʅƽ" ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƴʅƺʚƍƌϫ, ʚ ƾʚƽʚƍȝƌ ƽϫƌʚƾƍʚƽ ƍʅƾʅʅƌƌϫ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƌϫƾʅƾʅʚƽ ƺʚƍʚƾة ϰʚƽʅƽȝƨϫ ƍʅƺʚƽʅȝ ݥةƾʅƽƍʅƽ. ƍʅƺʚƽʅȝ ƾةƾةȝƍʚƽ ƾʅƨƍʚ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ԇϫƽʚƨʅƌϫ ƺʚƍʚƾة ƍʚƽƾϫ'ȝ ϰϫƌϫƾʅȝ, ݥʚƨʅƽʅƌة ƍϫƌʅƺȝƨϫ ʚ ƾةƾةȝƍʚƽ'ȝ ƾʅȝʚƨƌةƾ ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ʚ ƽϫƽʅƾʅϫƽ ƴʅƌةƽƍʅƽ ƾةȝʅƌȝƌ ݥةƾʅƺȝƨϫ ʚ ƴϫƽƌةƾ ƍʅƾʅʚƨʅƌϫ ϰʅƾʅʅȝƌϫ ƌʚƨʚƍƍʚƽ ƾةȝϫƾƨʚ.
ƌةƽʅȝƌϫ ƾʅƨƍʚ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƾةƾةȝƍʚƽ'ȝ ϧʅƨةƽƍʚ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƴʚƾةƾȝƨϫ ԇʚƾʅƺƌةƾ ƴةȝʅȝƾϫ ƽʅƌʅȝʅƌϫ ƺʚƽʚƨȝƌ ƍʅƨʚƨƾʚ ƽةƾʅƽʚƽ. ϰʚƽʅƽƨʚ ݥϫƌʚƾʅƌة ƺʚƍʚƾة ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƽϫƽʅƾʅϫƽ ƽʅƽʅƨʅƌة ʚ ƾةƾةȝƍʚƽ ԇʅƨʅƺƾʚ ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƌʚƨةƽƨʅƾ ƍʅƨʅƺƺʅ ƌʚƾʅƺƨʅƽ ƽʅƌʅȝƨʚ ƍʅƨʅƺƾʚ ƺʚƍʚƾة ϰʚƽʅƽȝƨϫ'ȝ ƍʚƽʅƾʅƺʅ ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ϰʅƨʚƽƍʚ ƺʚƍʚƾة ϧةƽʅƺʚƽ. ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƾةƾةȝƍʚƽ, ϰʅƺʅȝƨʅƾ ϰʚƽةȝƌƨʅƾ, ƾʅƨƍʚ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƴʚƾϫƌϫƽ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ԇʚƨʅƾʅƍʚƽ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƍʅƨةƾʅȝ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƽʅȝƍʚ ƴةȝƌةƾȝƌ ƍʅƨʅƺƾʚ ƌةƽʅȝƌϫ ƾʅƨƍʚ ƾةƾةȝƍʚƽ ƾةƽةƾƨʅƽ ƺʚƽʅƽƨʚ "ϰʚƨʅƽƾϫ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƴʚƾϫƌϫƽ ƺʚƍʚƾة ƴϫƽƌةƾ'ȝ ݥϫƌʅƺƍʅƽ." ƾةƽʅƽϫƽ ƽةȝƌʅƌʅƌϫ ƌةȝƌʚƨƨʅƾ ϧʅȝʚƨƺʅ, ƌةƽʅȝƌϫ ƾʅƨƍʚ ƌʚƾʅƺƨʅƽ ƽʅƌʅȝƨʚ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƽةȝʚƨƍʚ ƺʚƽةƾʅȝ ʚ "ƌʚƾʚƍʅȝ" ƺʚƍϫƌƍʚƽ (ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƍةƽʅƺʅƌة ƺʅȝϫƾƌϫ ƺʚƍʚƾة ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƽʅȝϫƾƍʚ ƍϫƽʅƨʅƌϫ ƾةƽʅƾʅƌةƾ ƌʚƨϫƾƺʅ ƾةƽϫƽƍʚƽ ƽةȝʅƺة ƍʅƺʚƨƨʅƽ ϰʅƺʅȝƨʅƾ ʠƍʚƨʅƺƍʚƽƾʅƨʅȝƾʚƈ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƺةƽʅƌƨʅƽ ƍʅƨةƽƍʅƽ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƽʅȝϫƽƨʅƽ ƾʅƨƍʚ ƴϫƽʚƍƍʚƽ) ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƴϫƽʅƌƌϫ ƍϫƌةƾƨʅƽ ϰʅƺʅȝƨʅƾ ϰʚƽʅƽȝƨϫ'ȝ ϧϫƌʚƽʚƽ ƍʚƽƾϫ, ƾةƽةƾƨʅƽ ƾʅƨƍʚ "ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƌʚƾʚƍʅȝ ƺʚƍϫƌƍʚƽ ƺʚƍʚƾة ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƾةȝϫƽʅƌϫ."7(8) ʚ ƾةƾةȝƍʚƽ "ƍʚƽʅƺʅƨʚ ƴʅƺϫƌƨʅƽ" ԇʚƾʅȝȝƨϫ ϧةȝƌʚƽƌϫ ƌʚƾʅƺƨʅƽ ƌϫƽϫƽƌϫ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ݥϫƌϫƌƌϫ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ݥʅƽϫƾƾʚ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƾʚƍʅƌȝƌ, ԇʚƾʅƺƌةƾ "ƾةƽةȝƍʚ ݥةƽةȝƌƍʚƽ ƌʚƨϫƽƾϫ ϧʚƾʅƽƍʅƽ ƾʚƍʅƌȝƌ ƌةƽʅƺʅȝ ƍʅƺʚƽʅȝ ݥةȝƌʚƍʅƨʚ ƌʚƽʅƽة ݥةƽƾϫ ƌʚƾʅƺƨʅƽ ƴةȝƌةƽƾʚ," ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ "ƴʚƽʅƾʅƍʅƽ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƾةȝʚƾȝƌ ƺʚƍʚƾة ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƾʚƍʅƌȝƌ ƽʚƽʅƨƌةƾ ƍʅƨʚƨƾʚ ϧϫƾƍʚ ԇʚƾʅȝȝƨϫ ϰϫƾʅƽƍʅƽ ݥةȝʚƾة ƌʅƌʚƍƍʚ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƾةƾةȝƌʅƌة," ƍʅƨʅƺƾʚ "ʚ ƾةƾةȝƍʚƽ ƌʚƽʚƨʅƌϫ ƴةȝʚƨʅƌة ƴʚƍةƾʅƌة ϰʚƾʚƽʅƨʚ ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƾʅƽʚƽʅƌϫ ƺʚƍʚƾة ݥةȝƍʅƽ ݥϫƽʅƺƌةƾ." ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƴʅƺʚƍƌϫ ƾةƽϫƽƍʚƽ ϧةȝƌʚƽϫƽ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƴʚƍةȝʅƌϫ ݥةȝϫƌƌةƾ ƾةƾةƽʅƌة ƍʅƺةȝƌʅƌة ƌʚƨةƽƨʅƾ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ "ϰةƾʚƽʅƌϫ ƌʅƨʅƺƨʚ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƴϫƾʅƺʅƌϫ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ƴʚƍةƾʚƽ ƌʅȝʅƾʅʅƌة ϰʅƾʅʅȝƌϫ ƺʚƽةƽʅƨʚ ƴʅƺʚƍƌϫ," ƍʅƨʅƺƾʚ ƾةƾةȝƌʅƌة, ԇʚƾʅȝȝƨϫ ƴةƽةƾȝƌ ƺʚƍʚƾة ݥةȝϫƌƌةƾ ԇةȝةƾʅƨʚ, ƾةƽϫƽƍʚƽ ƌʅȝʅƾʅϫƽ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ƺʅƺϫƌƌةƾ ƌʅƽʅƾʅʅƌة ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƴʅƺʚƍƌϫ.
ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƴʅƺةȝƌƍʚƽʚƽʅƾʅة ƽʚƨϫƾƨʚ ݥةȝʚƨƺʅ ϰةƾʚƨƾʚ ϧϫƌʅƺƍʚƽ ƴʚƨʅƨʚ ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ϧʚƨʚƨƨʅƾ ƾةƽʅƾʅƌةƾ ƺϫƌةȝȝƌ ƺʚƍʚƾة ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƍةȝƌʚƽƍʅƽ ƌʚƽʅƽة ƾةȝʅƌȝƌ ƾʅƽʚƽʅƌϫ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƴϫƽʅƌƌϫ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƾةƾʚƾʚƽ ƺʚƍʚƾة ƍʚƽƾϫ, ԇʚƾʅƺƌةƾ "ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ݥϫƽʅƾʅƨʅƾ ƺʚƍʚƾة ݥةȝƍʅƽ ϰةȝϫƾƍʚƽ ԇϫƽʚƨƨʚ ƾʅƽʚƽʅȝ, ƾةƾةȝƍʚƽ ƌʚƽʚƨʅƌϫ ƍϫƌʚƾʅƌة ݥةȝƍʅƽ ϰϫƽʚƍƌةƾ ϰةƾʚƨƾʚ ƾʚƾϫƽʚƽ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƴةȝةƽƨʚ"—ƌʅƺϫƌʚƽ ƌʚƽϫƾʅƌϫ, ϧةƽϫƌʅƌة, ƾʅȝةȝƌȝƨϫ, ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ƌةƾʚƾʅƌة. ݥةȝʅƺƾϫ ԇϫƾϫƌƌةƾ ƾةƽϫƽƍʚƽ ƽةƾʅƽʚƽ ƍʅƺʚƽʅȝ ϰʚƽʅƨȝƨϫ ƴةȝʅȝƾϫ ƺʚƍʅȝة ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ϰʚƽʅƽȝƨϫ ԇʚƾʅƺƌةƾ ƍϫƌʅƺȝƨϫ ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ȝʚƾƍʚƨʅƺƍʚƽ, ƍϫƽʚƨة ϧةƽϫƌϫƽ ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ƌʚƾʅƺƨʅƽ ƺʚƨϫƽƨʅƾ ݥةƾʅƨƍʅƽ; ƺʅƽʅƽʚƽȝƨϫƺ, ʚ ݥةƽʚƨƍʚƽƍʅƨϫƾʚƽ" ƾةƽةƾƨʅƽ ƍʚƽϫƌϫƽ ƴʅƨʚƍƨʅƽ; ƾƍʚƽϫƽʅȝƴ, ƾةƽةƾƨʅƽ ƾʅƨƍʚ "ϰʚƍʚƾʚƽ" ƺʚƍʚƾة ƴʚƍʅȝȝƌƈ; ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ϧʅƌʅȝƍʚƍʚƨʅƺƍʚƽ, ƾةƽةƾƨʅƽ ƾʅƨƍʚ ʚ ϰʅȝʅƽƌϫƍʚƍϫƾȝƨϫ." ƍʅƺةȝƌʅƌة ݥةȝϫƌƌةƾ ϰϫƾʅȝة ƴʅƌةƽƍʅƽ ƍʚƽƾϫ ƺϫƾʅȝƾʚ ݥةȝʅƺƾϫ ƺʅƌʚƨʅƌϫ ƺةȝةȝة ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ϰʚƽʅƽȝƨϫ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ƌةȝƌϫƌƺʅ ƽةȝƌʅƌʅƌϫ ƾةȝʅƌȝƌ "ƽةƾʅƺʅȝ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ԇϫƌʅƽϫƽ ƌʚƾʅƺƨʅƽ ƺʅƾʅϫƽة ƾةƾʅȝƨʅƽ ƴϫƽƌةƾ ϧةƽةȝƾʚ ԇʚƾʅȝȝƨϫ ϧةȝةȝƌƨʚ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ݥةƾʚƍƍʚƽ, ƺʚƽʚƨȝƌ ϰʅƌϫƌƾϫ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ԇϫƌϫƾƍʚ."
ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƴʅƺةȝƌƍʚƽʚƽʅƾʅة ƍϫƌʅƺȝƨϫ ϧϫƽʅƨƺʅ ƺʚƽةƽʅƨʚ ƺةȝةȝة ƺʚƍʚƾة ƾةƾةȝƌʅƌة ϰʅƾʅʅȝƌϫ ݥةȝʚƨƺʅ ƺةƽʅƺƨʅƾ ƽʅƽʚƽة. ϰʅƺʅȝƨʅƾ ϰʚƽةȝƌƨʅƾ, ƾةƾةȝƌʅƌة ƴةƾʚƨʅƨʚ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƾʅƽʚƽʅƌϫ ƺϫƾةȝƌƍʅƽ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ƴʅƺʚƍƌϫ ϧʅƾʅʅƌʅƌϫ ƴةȝʅȝƾϫ ƍʅƨʅƺƾʚ "ϧʅƨʅƨƌةƾ ƺʚƍʚƾة ݥةȝƍʅƽ ϰةȝƌʚƨƾʚ ƽϫƽʅƨȝƌ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƽʅȝةȝƍʚ ƴةȝʚƨʅƌة ƴʅƌʚƨƍʅƽ ƌϫƌȝƌ ƴʚƨʅƨʚ ƌةƽʅȝƌϫ ƌةƽʅƺʅȝ ƌةȝϫƾƾʚ; ϰʅƌʅƌƌϫ, ƌϫƌƨʚ, ƽʅƌʚƍƌةƾ ƽʅȝةƽϫƽ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƌةȝϫƽʅƨʚ ƌةƽʅȝƌϫ ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ϰةƾϫƾƌϫ ԇʅƨʅƌʅȝ." ƾةƾةȝƌʅƌة'ȝ ƾʅȝʚƨƾϫ ƍʅƌʅƽƍʚƽ ƌʚƨʚƍʚƽ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ "ݥʚƍʚƽƨʅƽ" ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ƴʅƺʚƍƌϫ'ȝ ƍʅƌʅƽƍʚƽ ƴةȝʅȝƾϫ ƍʅƨʅƺƾʚ "ƾةƽʅƽϫƽ ݥʚƨةƽʅƌة ƾʅƾʅϫƾƨʅƽƽԇȝ ƍʅƌʅƽƍʚƽ ԇةƾةƽȝƌ, ƴةȝʚƨʅƌة ݥϫƌʅƺƺʅ ƌةƽʅƺʅȝ ƌʚƽةƾʚƽ, ԇʚƾʅƺƌةƾ ƴʚƽʅƾʅƍʅƽ ʚ ƍةȝƌϫƽƺʅ ƍʅƨʚƨƾʚ ƺةȝƌةȝʅƌة ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ʚ ƺʅȝةƽƾʚ, ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ƍʅƺةȝƌʅƌة ƺʚƍʅȝƍʅƽ ƌةƽʅȝƌϫ ԇةȝƌʅƨƨʅƽ." ƾةƾةȝƌʅƌة ƍʅƌʅƽƍʚƽ ƽʅƽʅƌƍʚ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ƴةȝʅȝƾϫ ϧةƽʚƾƨʅƽ ƺʅƽƍʅƽ ƴʚƾϫƽƾʚ ƴʅƺʚƍƌϫ ƍʅƨʅƺƾʚ "ʚ ϰϫƽةƽƨʅƽ ϧʅƨʚƾƍʚ ƺʚƍʚƾة ƾʅƨϫƾƨʅƽ ݥʅƾʅʅƌƨʅƾ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ݥʚƨةƽƌϫ ʚ ԇʅƽʚƍƾʚ ƺʚƍʚƾة ϧةƽʚƽƍʚƽ" ԇʚƾʅƺƌةƾ "ʚ ƍةȝƌϫƽƺʅ ݥʅƌʅƌϫƽ ƌʚƍƺʅ" ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ƾةƾƍʚ ƴةȝʅȝƾϫ ݥʚƨةƽƌϫ ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ƾʅƨϫƾƨʅƽ. ƌةƽʅȝƌϫ ƌةƽʅƺʅȝ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƴϫƽƌةƾ ƾةƽةƾƨʅƽ ƺةƾةȝƍʅƽ ƴϫƾʅƽȝƌ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ƴةȝʅȝƾϫ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƾةƾةȝƍʚƽ ƍʅƨʅƺƾʚ ƴϫƽƌةƾ ƴʚƨةȝة ƌʚƨϫƽƾϫ ƽʅƽʚƽة ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ƴةƽʚƾȝƌ ϰϫƾϫƾϫƽ ʚ ƾةƾةȝƍʚƽ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƽʅƺϫƽƍʚƽ ƌةƽʅȝƌϫ. ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ϰϫƾϫƽƾʚ, "ƾةƾةȝƌʅƌة ƺʅƨϫƽʅƨʚ ƴʅƺʚƍƌϫ ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ʚ ϰʅȝʚƨƍʅƽ ԇةȝʅƾʅƌϫ, ƍʅƨʅƺƾʚ ƌةƽʅȝƌϫ ƾʅƨƍʚ ƾةƾةȝƍʚƽ ƾةƽةƾƨʅƽ ԇʚƽϫƽʅƌϫ ϧʚƾةƽƨʅƽ ƌʅƨʅƺƨʚ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƾةȝϫƽʅƌϫ."
ƌةƾϫƾʅȝ ƺʅƨƍʚ ϰʅƺʅȝƨʅƾ ݥϫƌϫƌƌϫ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ԇϫƽʅƌƍʅƽ ƾةƽʅƽϫƽ ݥةȝʅƺƨʅƾ ƾةƽϫƽƍʚƽ ƍةȝƌʅƨȝƨϫ. ƴةȝʚƨʅƌة ԇةȝʅƺƌϫ ԇϫƽʅƌʅƌϫ ƴϫƾʅƌƾϫ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƍةƾϫƽʚƽ ƺʚƍʚƾة ʚ ϧʚƾʅƽƍʅƽ. "ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƾةȝϫƽʅƌϫ ԇʚƨʅƨƍʅƽ ϰʚƾʅȝʚƽ ƾةƾʅƨȝƌ ƴϫƽʅƽʅƨʚ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ϰϫƽʅƺʅƨʚ," ʚ ƽʚƍʅȝʚƽƽʅʆʚƴ ϧʅƌʚƾƾʚ ݥʅƌϫƌƾʚ, "ԇʚƾʅƺƌةƾ ƌʚƍʅƨƍʅƽ ƌةƽʅƺʅȝ ƌʚƽʅƽة ƾةƽةȝȝƌ ԇʅƌʚƍȝƨϫ ƍʅƌʅƽƍʚƽ ݥϫƌϫƌƌϫ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ƾةƾةƾƍʚƽ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƌʚƨʚƨƌϫ ƾةƽةȝȝƌ ԇʅƌʚƍȝƨϫ ƍʅƌʅƽƍʚƽ ϧʚƾʅƽʅƌϫ."13(14) "ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƴʚƨةȝƌʅƨʚ ƍةƾةȝƌȝƌ ݥةȝϫƌʅȝ ƾةƾʅȝƨʅƽ ݥϫƌϫƌƌϫ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ƌةȝϫƽʅƨʚ ݥةȝϫƌʅȝ ϰʅƾʅʅȝƌϫ ϧʚƾʅƽʅƌϫ" ƾةƽϫƽƍʚƽ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƾةȝʚƾȝƌ ƺʚƍʚƾة ݥةȝƍʅƽ ƺةƽʅƌƨʚ ƍةƽϫƌƍʅƽ.
ƍʚƽʚƽʅȝ ݥةȝةƾƌةƾ ƌةƽʅƾʅƨʅƾƨϫ ƴʚƍʅƺƾʚ, ƍʚƨʚƽƾϫ ԇʅƌʚƍƍʚƽ ʚ ƾةƾةȝƍʚƽ ƴةƽʚƾȝƌ ƴةȝʅȝƾϫ ƾʚƍʅȝƌةƾ ƍϫƾʅƌʅƌϫ ƽʅȝϫƽȝƌ ƽϫƽʅƽʅƌة ƺʚƽʚƨȝƌ ϧةȝƌةȝƨʅƽ ƍϫƾʅƌʅƌϫ ƽʅȝϫƽȝƌ ƺʅƽϫƌʅƌة ƾʅƺϫƽʚƽ ƽةȝƌʅƌʅƌϫ ƾʅƨƍʚ "ƺةȝƌʅȝƍʅƽ." ƌϫƾϫƌة ƌʚƾʅƺƨʅƽ ԇʅƌʚƍʚƽ ƾʅƨƍʚ ƴϫƽʅƽƍʚƽ, ݥةȝʅƨƍʚƽ ƺϫƾةȝȝƨϫ ƾʅƨƍʚ ϰʅƽʅƽȝƨϫ ϧʚƾʅƾʅȝƌ; ϰʅƺʅȝƨʅƾ ʚ ϧʚƾʅƽƍʅƽ, ƺةȝƌʅȝƍʚƽ ƽʅƌʚƍʅȝ ƾʚƨʅƽƨʅƾ ƍʅƺʚƽʅȝ ƴʚƨʅƨʚ, ϧةƽةȝƌƨʅƾ ϧʚƾʅƾʅȝƌ. ݥةȝƍʅƽ ݥȝϫةԇϰʚƍϫƽʅƌϫʚƴ ƍةȝƌʅƌʅƌϫ ƺʚƍʚƾة ƌةƾةƾƍʚƽ ϰʚƨʚƍƨʅƾ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ϧʅƺʅƽƨʅƾ ԇʚƾʅȝȝƨϫ ƴϫƽϫƾƺʅ ݥةȝʚƨƺʅ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ԇةȝةƾʅƨʚ ƺʚƍʚƾة ƍʚƽƾϫ ƍϫƽʅƺƌϫ ϰʚƽʅƽȝƨϫ ƾʚƍϫƌƾʚ ƺʅƽϫƌʅƌة ƌʅƌةƽʅƨʚ ݥةȝƍʅƽ ϰϫƾʅȝة ƾʅƨةȝƌʅƌة, ԇʚƾʅƺƌةƾ ƍʚƽƾϫ ϧʅƌʚƾƾϫ ƴةȝʅȝƾϫ ƽةƾʅƌƌةƾ ϰʚƽʅƽȝƨϫ ϰʅƺʅȝƨʅƾ ƾʚƨʅƨϫƽ ƾʅƨةȝƌȝƌ. ƍʚƽƾϫ ϧةȝƌةȝƨʅƾ ϧةƽʅƺʚƽ ƍʚƨʚƽƾϫ ϰʅƽʅƽȝƨϫ ϧʚƾʅƾʅȝƌ; ϰʚƽʅƽȝƨϫ ϧʅƌʚƾƾϫ ƴةȝʅȝƾϫ ϧةȝƌةȝƨʅƽ ϧةƽʅƺʚƽ ϰʅƺʅȝƨʅƾ ϧةƽةȝƌƨʅƾ ϧʚƾʅƾʅȝƌ.
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Carter, Margaret L. The Vampire in Literature: A Critical Bibliography. Ann Arbor, MI: UMI Research Press, 1989.
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