Feb 20, 2012

Fiża zad Eksograma - Language and Exograms

Language and Exograms Cover
Fiża zad Eksograma - Language and Exograms


Au zizi azih ricakifos zadvovic amron zinkilzi koz nimlisk bidzi tjsuejvinu zad fiża ko ktogel zizi rikolores vikoj vasu vimid zad degel psikologista Merlin Donald 1991, 2001).

De distalzi duil de lijtroşi zgel na bivimed rakolodiraro zgel ona tjsuejvinu zad novlzi ovo skankojemav mi stanuofru utares los rajzi lizi binodle eskorn jzi ses vikomčto.

Rajzi jizilikojuc toljgisk zizi kegbinodizi ona, kanre-lijeb tjsuejvinu, de sukdeza koz atlorek derakoza biroje oterona zgel ona gozazi zad koz olale zgel kagel senemav zizi jankoju če ob odu zgel ajuks tjsuejvinu nanod. Jalanokizi, Donald amkikimzi nomiża, hdicualb ik rukist izje ji, zizi mi nani izlirčos lukoza rajzi norle adron, dabizi de dirza biz "asmizk", "omrek" (amcuvimav zizi muvsaża bijizi bivomtiti azovti ekac) , "išbi" (bistaks fiża), zad "kolosjik amcuvima" tjsuezi sinisk, de lastzi, ko kiv vokojeti ik amcuvimav (Donald 1993):

Bickerton had (1990) proposed an evolutionary model of language development, suggesting that Homo erectus had an unstructured protolanguage, followed by the establishment of an autonomous syntax by archaic Homo sapiens.

De dirza oterona goza šuiża, zad kir rikolodo, biz hsmizk, zad lijtroşi nih skjkar varlgel birok islijodraro zizi Homo erectus.

Ovo bilijsuza ko jaduizzab birok komrazi, ije red birok bilijner-juku lasko. Homo sapiens, ekmatižto zgel Donald, svdinaj nih "išbi jankoju", zad bijizi di fiża, dabizi tenlo lazi birok ljedisk zizi juomic okde biz Dunbar kar Bickerton dari sev tešken bisuc losk birok lukogel zizi lasko:

Today it is much more likely than not that habilines and rudolfensis possessed some form of speech, and that erectus had at their disposal somewhat developed and probably recursive verbal communication (for realistic scenarios, cf. Bickerton 1993, 1996, and especially 2010; Dunbar 1996; Aitchison 1996; Falk 2009). It has been claimed that all modern human languages are recursive (but see Everett 2005), and although nonrecursive language would be possible, chimpanzees have neither (Premack 2007).

Fairservice ( 1975) jab gadivanaj mdu rajid lukoza zizi jankojuc bivimdo atoz of, sekres, cekabi zad zivijuk, iz hosna datjui okde gadivakj.

Au mafliża amdanji okvjle birok Donald ovo of isruzikjina zad odu gilorob ik jankoja. De novlzi ovo jankoju izdučzi ona rovlask, erza damo ob livjele, zad omizastzi hosna eti azih gobast mekorgo. Ni nani zizi eti mekorac odu ditan omo; ob odu azlizi zivisa skilosanlimezi zad loduizi zivijukosanmej ("extended mind studies" and the preliminary conceptualizations of exograms).

Kor ko mi dumo roks rajzi jizi ktogel ovo gasvasantag ji lijčdo, ije tifru gatobisezi jizi dizanenaj mirk-sasro nodenzi odu rajzi suna rakolodiranizi nalobel. Donals danost omsestinebil zizi loštagstavikobic atli, vokojeti birok jizi lak zizi muvsaża zizi njesabic boser atoz datizi zivijusto, jizi stakar guvimav zizi amimrad vikojivizi.

sep5

Bednarik, R. G. 1997. The origins of navigation and language. The Artefact 20: 16–55.

Bickerton, D. 1990. Language and species. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.

Bickerton, D. 1993. Putting cognitive carts before linguistic horses. Behavioural and Brain Sciences 16: 749–750.

Bickerton, D. 1996. Language and human behaviour. UCL Press, London.

Bickerton, D. 2010. Adam’s tongue: how humans made language, how language made humans. Hill and Wang, New York, NY.

Donald, M. 1991. Origins of the modern mind: three stages in the evolution of culture and cognition. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.

Donald, M. 1993. On the evolution of representational capacities. Behavioural and Brain Sciences 16: 775–785.

Donald, M. 2001. A mind so rare: the evolution of human consciousness. W. W. Norton, New York, NY.

Dretske, F. 1981. Knowledge and the flow of information. MIT Press, Cambridge.

Enard, W., M. Przeworski, S. E. Fisher, C. S. Lai, V. Wiebe, T. Kitano, A. P. Monaco and S. Pääbo 2002. Molecular evolution of FOXP2, a gene involved in speech and language. Nature 418: 869–872.

Fairservice, W. A., Jr. 1975. The threshold of civilization. Scribner, New York, NY.

Falk, D. 2009. Finding our tongues: mothers, infants and the origins of language. Basic Books, New York, NY.

Jacques, S. and P. D. Zelazo 2005. Language and the development of cognitive flexibility: implications for theory of mind. In J. W. Astington and J. A. Baird (eds), Why language matters for theory of mind, pp. 144–162. Oxford University Press, Toronto.

Lieberman, P. and E. S. Crelin 1971. On the speech of Neanderthal man. Linguistic Inquiry 2: 203–222.

Lieberman, P., E. S. Crelin and D. H. Klatt 1972. Phonetic ability and related anatomy of the newborn, adult human, Neanderthal man, and the chimpanzee. American Anthropologist 74: 287–307.

Lieberman, P., J. R. Laitman, L. S. Reidenburg and P. J. Gannon 1992. The anatomy, physiology, acoustics and perception of speech: essential elements in analysis of the evolution of human speech. Journal of Human Evolution 23: 447–467.

Miller, G. A. 1956. The magical number seven, plus or minus two: some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review 63: 81–97.

Robertson, T. 1999. Symbolic and notational expressions of central Texas Palaeo-Indian culture: engraved artifacts of the Gault Site. McNair Research Journal 3: 123–136.

Sanjuan, J., A. Tolosa, J. C. Gonzalez, E. J. Aguilar, J. Perez-Tur, C. Najera, M. D. Molto and R. Frutos 2006. Association between FOXP2 polymorphisms and schizophrenia with auditory hallucinations. Psychiatric Genetics 16: 67–72.
Template Design by SkinCorner