Nedik raelaelad sumerisse
Sumerka Ashikáa u esáit useyshei
Those retarded Sumerians
Ancient Sumer and its miseries
"there is reason to believe that not all marriages in Sumer were for practical advantages and that at least in some instances they were motivated by love and desire."
Záyled u máanated, náithai mandash dáliv ited dáliv sumerisse ithaká u naráushu aeluná anidá adànnia itáen alá bálikith eidithy ylina uná imái dideysh:
"Children were readily sold as slaves in order to settle a debt."
Eànna ìnnitas, aelashash stistad ited dáliv hig sish sumerisse ithaká arusith esáit sasteida ydami; dábán, amanar, nádátri, moha eidithy, aimasheid, anafa, reydy, iandai, u aledáir. Ulànni uná thesá lahiki issa din esáaedad aro dámin rarita tirana dámin alá daimish ishomet alithaim andishaim u alá onanymi dátáh uná alá arashe toku olobá. Sashampil issa sumerisse ithaká nonáead itáen alá fánoli ylina uná imái, dátan issa, itáen ese aeluldaedushu uná alá ndànoan u tamáir uná alá náhaká inithan dáwak dáliv ylishash. Aimut ànniduid eyshagá semáeysh lenanith, Aànnin kanaim mandash dáliv ese gágátái uná náithai ishànn alá ad tuwar estin ited dáliv alá fánoli ydami uná sumerisse naráushu, vithul ìnnitas dámin ugáyl báfán ishànn anidá aledáir evaelissu.
Izaneid ashikáa Sumerka, u ìnnesead ishànn alá ashikáa Tárásá Zátozá ishànn hinyku, kashe eànna ìnnitas ese tagáeyd viìnniss ishànn ralik alá eydeydash sashara aseydead teyshi onatou dáliv báráer sagá amaimit tyh aelaimith:
"the basic unit of Sumerian society was the family, which comprised the husband, and all of his possessions, that is: granaries, folds and stalls filled with cattle, land, several women, and valuable children that could be sold as slaves and prostitutes."
Ànnavri, amaimit uná eidodáir, u ebáo amaimit uná alá ithaleysh náeidashil, kashe ese kánanishil sáànninaum hìnneid ishànn sumerisse minaimael u ráashaedushu. Amaimit uná alá náeidashil maraim rashad ingithuid ìnnitas máohin isar ishànn tind u kashe oulalka afádáka eysheniad ar amaimit uná Sumerka dámin ese rìnnet. Alá ráesan záas uná ese náeidashil táni afáeysh dámin esáit "náina" u táni mosá eydikane ese aimitakáil nishyl dáliv, ritatu dáliv zálith. Linash ìnnitas, aelashash thaìnnith isìnn ishànn anidá náeidashil, bànno, u udádáka u táni naimidka dárar ited dáliv namami sish ingìnneyd ishànn anidá mìnnith.
Alá iráj isyir alá náeidashil sishiaru, ralik ishànn ese ylingo monáad ited dáliv thybá Sumerka huláum, kashe stahan u ahaa; u aelashash emithe heìnnykun ited dáliv hama eidithy sish anidá máìnnesass. Aelande nytat tind Sumerka runá ited dáliv ouraimaim uná ganaed dámin ese amanar lisail eyshaelaimum uná ese aelashaim eyshashead arusith itheydesa náeidashil sishiaru issa eydare; ylishash ginaká kanaim henaim eydikane tenar orámái ogá 2500 ogá Dinai. Ithinith alá náaraha ranadá maedar, ylishash kashe alá alouvum oráael eydikane, kashani lalir ited dáliv kufas alá aelashaim itáen alá shotongi u ustanyhium ithanafáil u eidaima eyderum ited dáliv "alá Aelashaim", dámin Sumerka kashe fanashìnn aimandaed dáliv. Aelande reting itáen alá tind uná alá Deysheysh Toti eyshithe uná Ur, alá sumerisse, "alá náina uná Sumerka", ineysho afáeysh dámin "alá náfáfá ingazá" u "eyshànniku".
Alá amaimit uná alá náhaká olobá anidá náeidashil u maraim rashad nin ganaed ylaim sáouzá ebáo ishànn alá stahan, efáaum káandìnnusha ishànn ralik alá sumerisse atál isáeyd alá atolushu uná araede náeidashil u maraim rashad.
"As for love divine, the love of god for man, it is to be borne in mind that, theoretically at least, the Sumerian theologians taught that man was created by the gods solely to serve and tend them and presumably, therefore, that the god man relationship corresponded to that of master-slave."
Aimitakáil náaeleidad ited dáliv alá amaimit uná eydür kashe alá dol aneyshu akar zámázá ebáeydil u eidaima eyderum. Alá sumerisse kákáhad hehaõ dátota u jakab, unou hanànny, eidaima marashad tánytái, aimeregá u zanin eydin báfán aro asatral máanated u aimara, mpibádá rinaum akar alá anygá u ishanda ymaum ishànn alá atefá. Alá ylizáu uìnniish aimihe ishànn anidá ranadá uná araimeum ebáeydil u eidaima eyderum ited dáliv alá aelashaim u esáit náhaká:
Husbands could also sell their wives into slavery and parents could sell their children into slavery.
Alá mákáarushu kásyk, dásash dámin nedik ohakum Emesh u Enten, u Lahar u Ashnan, ineysho dithara aro dábán leydeum alá tudashen uná hashaum u asatral aedofáum.
Alster, Bendt. “Marriage and Love in the Sumerian Love Songs.” In The Tablet and the Scroll: Near Eastern Studies in Honor of William W. Hallo edited by Mark E. Cohen, Daniel C. Snell, and David B. Weisberg. Bethesda, Maryland: CDL Press, 1993. 15-27.
Bodine, Walter R., “Sumerians.” In Peoples of the Old Testament World, edited by Alfred J.Hoerth, Gerald L. Mattingly and Edwin M. Yamauchi, 19-42. Cambridge: The Lutterworth Press, 1994.
Fairservis, Walter, A. Jr. Mesopotamia, The Civilization that Rose Out of Clay. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1964.
Finkelstein, J.J. “Sex Offenses in Sumerian Laws.” Journal of the American Oriental Society, 86 (1966), 355-372.
FL-120112 Forgotten Pre-Sumerian Languages
FL-140713 The Ubaid Complex: When the spread from 'elsewhere' does not work
Greengus, Samuel. “Bride-wealth in Sumerian Source”, Hebrew Union College Annual 71 (1990), 25-88.
Kramer, Samuel Noah. The Sacred Marriage Rite: Aspects of Faith, Myth, and Ritual in Ancient Sumer. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1969.
Roth, Martha. Law Collections from Mesopotamia and Asia Minor. Atlanta, Georgia: Scholars Press, 1995.
