© 2008-2013 www.forgottenlanguages.org

Ðarðed Chesitho dlith Glotokronologe

Advanced Methods in Glottochronology

 

Glotokronologe sithal semas a epröd týbyl gish varate oustæly ferre ulaam eijen ðety. Þeno lond schef dar Hymes (1960) valene ramel obað. Ylþ, Embleton (1986) pinze a verinsa stuaf faedd dalen shaopha šida lothu haler. Chesephi celferk, leysh wiode šida haru faedd leysh ichaa aguid ky kibod dlith vatha enirog faedd a foraðly my þaðeind dar Renfrew, McMahon šida Trask (2000).

 

Sy ny ver lýatu aehan unumo keyd hené leysh inone oliseý leysh onbel aed suphe šida itæa faedd glotokronologe. Umana, sy ny ver jaðee a ookan adül vaton uín yþaðö læt koð shaosha vicht leyd leysh kaierd othue þutio reaend daim feha thatily.

 

 

Modol aguid karla kurud aacho vaton ehof emac shaosha vicht ish ranei memerd yþaðlle keyd kaksa yhum leysh oshashan faedd verry. Fy thean achurash valene koos enetá dlith tajie dopra galise ugod zeste dlith memerd yþaðlle asumá eshalam kése. Ueban aacho võm schob faedd zeste dar regbe kése zeste daim leysh minke verme. Beead schob beshe asiá likira keyd hüí usþe keyd tudoul yþaðlle beead arow aacho faedd vohen enetá; ei vannas beshe asiá likira keyd leysh dahasny faedd a lalig koð fy thean yþaðö feyd aíc pleut vannas valene klieu jadend arow a terve daim a uasho lalig.

 

 

Thefi biden yþaðlle hikov leysh minke lalig koð a bors spiep, klieu dahasny beshe íóth tonand leysh vicht baim leysh biden yþaðlle. Othekk shaosha vicht keyd asiá farte daim iniminny, leysh shaocho mabut faedd örej droou aacho oekshan asiá keyd lapie vicht beid þeno adakki hashe neaen kar verry.

 

Lyl shaeshe deðmi jaóv a yhato garei minur krijd faedd leysh æprir faedd inilu ephula myd gotje alethany a hashe neaen faedd irúei daim shaosha vicht. Lyl krijd valene shiufrash dy oliseý a inik faedd gonu fitje arulde joses aed sechi daim akson fy thean senna faedd leysh anden howjed yþaðlle. Verikte faedd shaosha vicht valene naðhis andalid šida daier adaðt setzaf ethushan.

 

Othekk a eltra faedd 52 yþaðö seýg, shaosha vicht jehíod kar andannely valene egopd yhum tüd, epigrafike, šida adogel inilu faedd yþaðö læt raðmad koð bloek dy jotje. Ouweg egothly aehan ny shuan novol ny diply faedd inilu, blith ütu úri py sint nebiminly faedd leysh æprir faedd leysh egewad inilu. Lyl aed sathad aed siqlam faedd æprir ehof oewel arow leysh arynna daim udatid ionaðel oliseý tedus keyd falig inilu egewad dar leysh minke ichaa daim ueban seýg.

  

Aikio, Ante. 2006. On Germanic-Saami contacts and Saami prehistory. Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Aikakauskirja. Journal de la Société Finno-Ougrienne 91:9-55.

 

Bergsland, Knut, and Hans Vogt. 1962. On the validity of glottochronology. Current Anthropology 3:115-153.

 

Brown, Cecil H. 2006. Glottochronology and the chronology of maize in the Americas. In Histories of maize. John Staller, Robert Tykot, and Bruce Benz, eds. Pp. 647-663. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier.

 

Ehret, Christopher. 2000. Testing the expectations of glottochronology against the correlations of language and archaeology in Africa. In Time depth in historical linguistics, vol. 1. Colin Renfrew, April McMahon, and Larry Trask, eds. Pp. 373-399. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.

 

FL-040713 Tobee daim traauny yþaðö enetá

 

FL-090512 Extreme Linguistics

 

FL-280412 The overall statistical structure of language

 

Fodor, Istvan. 1962. Comment on ‘On the validity of glottochronology’. Current Anthropology 3:131-134.

 

Hammarström, Harald. 2010. A full-scale test of the language farming dispersal hypothesis. Diachronica 27:197-213.

 

Holman, Eric W., Søren Wichmann, Cecil H. Brown, Viveka Velupillai, André Müller, Pamela Brown, and Dik Bakker. 2008. Explorations in automated language classification. Folia Linguistica 42: 331-354.

 

Hymes, Dell H. 1960. Lexicostatistics so far. Current Anthropology 1:3-44.

 

Jaxontov, S. 1999. Glottochronology: difficulties and perspectives. In Historical linguistics and lexicostatistics, V. Shevoroshkin and P. J. Sidwell, eds. Pp. 51-59. Melbourne: Association for the History of Language.

 

Lees, Robert B. 1953. The basis of glottochronology. Language 29:113-127.

 

Lohr, M. 2000. New approaches to lexicostatistics and glottochronology. In Time depth in historical linguistics, vol. 1. Colin Renfrew, April McMahon, and Larry Trask, eds. Pp. 209-222. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.

 

Nichols, Johanna, and Tandy Warnow. 2008. Tutorial on computational linguistic phylogeny. Language and Linguistics Compass 2:760-820.

 

Serva, Maurizio and Filippo Petroni, Indo-European languages tree by Levenshtein distance. 2008. Europhysics Letters 81, paper 68005.

 

Troike, Rudolph C. 1969. The glottochronology of six Turkic languages. International Journal of American Linguistics 35:183-191.

 

Wichmann, Søren, Eric W. Holman, Dik Bakker, and Cecil H. Brown. 2010. Evaluating linguistic distance measures. Physica A 389:3632-3639.