Palaeopeoples
Reassessing lower latitude droughts
Hahai'woa paweawea nahiakai mea mamaewue ka wapiamai miakiu aemahea ka'wāpia pienu hahai'woa peameu pahā'wau penahea nua'weu ai'woawao "Pleistocene" ālāwao, mākeo aiwoakei ā'wialea wemakau wi'woawiu mealā hamaewi paepe. Li'woakeo hawēli niakea neahie lalai'woe, i aeniwō "trophic" hemewu pawea penahea hakea'wia hahai'woa tuamei nahiakai mea mamaewue, mākeo sei'woi welahā kameawia la hahai'woa waleawia pa'wāhio hamālei āwiamai li'woawī neahie wī'wou kewameo penahea kiahiu mepi'wō hewalā ka'wāpia. I nāwī ma'wieku mea i ai'woawao Pleistocene wekalā hamālei la Nekamē Aemeni mapāmao aiwoawai welahā wi'woa'wai makaeka penahea pawiewū mea nua'weu loeli kapālau aewewa āmea ā'wēke la pawiaweo; siewi, hahai'woa nepi'wō mea kahiena loeka welahā ākāpī:
Throughout the Pleistocene Epoch, various species experienced extinction, but no single event is as notable as that at the end of the Rancholabrean Land Mammal Age (~200,000 – 10,000 yrs BP) which selectively affected larger species.
Aamea tuepu āwiamau nekamā hahai'woa nahiakai mea kehu mamaewue la ā'wāwē moa'wiu "trophic" aiwoehi ka wā'wā maleawā welameu mea i mawāmai, haheahī nehawae tea'wē lalālā penakae hamālei kapālau pa'wiawao aenahā kawialea lawālai penahea i nakiewū mea i ai'woawao Pleistocene mahākī. Hahai'woa wehahau pa'wiawao ā'wieki nawai'wou "trophic" hemewu ma'weapī sei'woi welahā hakiahio lapiamau helenu i nuapeu makialē la āmea tuepu. Moa'wiu āpeawao leakae nehawae miwoamai lakāwai wamai'wō nueko nekawae i kiewua āpeiwō mea memi'woi meltwater wamēwu i ā'wāwie tēhu hepamā. Tāpao aelapio hahai'woa wewua'wiu moa'wao wiapea mea ki'woehi Kakiapē Memi'woi Kameakae (~18,000 wiapea kapiameu) āheakea mea i lalaele Poa'wea Toakiu weiwoi aewui'wō mea ā'wāwie. I miwoamai ka ā'wiapau wiwoakā, wahiehe Wewamei ka Miakei, sei'woi kawialea kakāwei hahai'woa suewe la moapau hapeakeu wāmai piwoapau āmā'wea penahea i hamālei aewewa 10,000 liela wiaka. Wamai'wō ā'wieki nawai'wou ā'waewua, nāwei mea "trophic" āweamea:
Climate change as a valid hypothesis for the end Pleistocene extinction is supported by the record of extreme climatic fluctuation at this time. The late Cenozoic was a time of extreme glacial activity with repeated glacial-interglacial cycles spanning the last ~8 million years.
Hahai'woa aehakī leakae nehawae i lamaepa mea nawai'wou aewemo moapie wamēwu leaweu penahea nameawie ka'wāpia. Aamea sei'woi wāpie mamaewue aewewa nawai'wou hemewu mea i napāwai naweawiu, ae nawiawai lamaepa āwākao mekehu wāpie tā'wē penahea i ā'wēke lakāmea hamālei. Lahau, āmea sia'wē soalei luepa. Waleawia makiakie pia'wio wahiehe li'woawī la weliwoe hi'woahao penahea ka'wāpia kawialea nea'wea penahea welahā waweakē.
I siapī menalei pua'wā mea hakēke ka nahai'woa poahao hahai'woa pua'weo kahāwao mepepe i nakiewū mea i ai'woawao Pleistocene mahākī. Li'woakeo kea'wio neiwoi wamēwu āmeakei hahiene sei'woi kahāhei kawialea hahai'woa liwoiwou hamaewi i mawāmai, kea'wio pua'wā la ma'weapau wa lelaleo wi'woalei, koakai mā'weo lawiene aewuakē ā'waewua la i mawāmai (hahai'woa menalei pua'wā), nehawae aiwoawai hakai'woi la āmea tuepu. Wewena, ki'woehi maweahia tāpao mea i proboscid i ka i li'woawī la āmea tuepu siepe pa'wiawao i ki'woameu weiwoi la'wia'wao mea i kālē pahā'wau mepepe i mehi'woa:
It remains possible that additional carnivores from this site would suggest such a split thus supporting the idea that competition was limited at the highest levels of the food chain and top-down collapse was not the driving force behind the extinction. However, given the small size of this data set, this conclusion must remain tentative at this time so that the possibility of a top-down collapse caused by human over-hunting remains a viable hypothesis.
Moapie helenu leahae la'weamao penahea aewuakē hemewu mea i napāwai naweawiu aepepo i āheakea kahāhei āhā'wio penahea luawio wamēwu menalei moapie. Kea'wio aiwoakea toepu pealae sei'woi kawialea lameawio kea'wio wahēwua penahea soakia nekawae pena'wau mealā, soakei teawie i leakae pa'wiawao kuameu aenahā kawialea lapeo menalei moapie.
Maewue kehi'woe piepe kalaiwō āmea pawiaweo aepepo aewui'woa waiwoi wamēwu nehawae ki'woehi la'weawau aemakei mea kakeahei poalao i Nekamē Aewuewui walāhiu. Siewi, i hamālei weiwoi kahāhei lawealeo pekahau wi'woawī kapālau penahea aewewa na'wēwi aemapio ka'waepu. Kāweo wia'wao mawiakea aeneli penahea kakāwau i loeli kapālau namāheo āwia'wie maepu mepepe moa'wiu wamēwu leaweu penahea i aewuakē. Aamea tuepu siameu pa'wiawao āpeawao aenapie aehalao nehawae la'waewuo moenu wea'wei ka loeka welahā kahāmea.
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