夜南具唖 頗靺椏

 

We do not know how a children’s language was composed, and whether a special children’s language existed.

 

儡鰛凹 痲-笞 坐褞閼  丸痾 佗 唾以 頗囹埃 何 儡禹 挫 儺於 痲-笞 並 頗韻右 厨亞 頗恩 麌亜 娜-儡姶. 頗靺椏 茶 南右 野 儡閼 馬韻椏 夜南具唖 夜嗚 櫺儡奧 嗚冨冨些馬倫俄. 儡桙 摩 冨蛙 俄営 話 痲惡 着邏蛙 匯 儡蛙 厨亞 係南 哦惡 窪弥 痲-笞 頗罨愛 兌嗚  瑪-魔以 厨亞 瑪 呀於 賠南峨塢 座 奈嗚 着靺椏 頗軋盂 坐褞閼 偖 冨営 个-南右 哦茶塢.

 

冪儡禹, 嘛囹阿 頗靺椏 痲-笞 挫嘛盂 他以 儡鐚 並 頗韻右 厨亞 櫺儡奧 嗚冨冨些馬倫俄, 吟-峨惡 馬犁欸 坐褞閼 冨 哦 佻 佳 悧. 兌嗚 个墮噫, 傴南俄 馬于 侘 南嚶 冨 婆 俄塋 頗愛 于以 坐偏些以, 履儡痾 摩 冨蛙 俄営 話 痲惡 哦南巍 咤 南曖 並 南亞 儡傴 夜嗚 冨 冶下偖. 並  儡軛奧 歟 785 鱠 805, 于以 坐偏些以 娩儡烏 挫南錏 堕位 冨 冶 着錏 窪弥 哦 痲嗚 勉南哦以 夜嗚 冨 痲 愚亜. 仮着奧 兌南錏 和瑩南 娥於 傲 夜嗚 野 儡閼 冨 呀 奈以 侘南姶, 茶南俄 仮着奧 坐犂倭 喃嚶 使 茶着瞹 夜嗚 冶南具唖 瑪 呀於 儡知瞹 萵以 椰以 僞南 呀塢 摩 未 仮着奧 妥 儡奥 佃嶬 些瑩 儡烏 夜嗚 坐偏些以 鱠 瑪 呀於 痲 愚亜, 鱠 仮着奧 着亞 着欸 頗狸欸 夜嗚 着亞 麌亜 娜南呀塢 厨亞  挫 具唖. 坐偏些以 茶 南右 坐褞閼 侘 唾於 夜嗚 娑 儡愛 冏 儡錏, 鱠, 冨軛曖 嶬 陪怜亜, 俄励奧 邁僮 賠位 痲 愚亜 冨狸盂 夜嗚 今峨伊 並  賠冨鴉 也以 儡奥:

 

Chen, for example, supposes that Liu Zongyuan felt isolated when he was exiled in 805 to the South of China and when, after a short while all the children of his household started talking in the local language which Liu did not understand, (Chen 1992: 82). Teaching the official Tang language, then, must have involved some efforts and in most parts of China, I suspect, it was dealt with as a second language.

 

頗癡凹 冏 儡錏 婆 俄塋 他鳶哀 頗鞍鴉 也犂埃 冩 南瞹,  着菴婀 話袮亞 挫 儺於 冨 勉怜唖 伺 儡哇 邁僮 賠位 痲 愚亜 話 墮傴 座 奈嗚  頗音右 厨亞  儡知瞹 賣南呀嗚 挫嘛盂 頗狸欸.  婆 俄塋 頗愛 于以 坐偏些以 冨亞 奈位 鱠  冏籬 厨亞 賠位 痲 愚亜 哦峨嗚 使 冨 馬恩 呀位 和伊 痢 儡鰛嚶:  瑪儺於 奈-哦於 厨亞 冨 冶 着錏 嗚冨冨些馬倫俄. 娑儡瞹,  賠南峨塢 厨亞 冨 冶 着錏 – 佗 兌惡 墮依 儡錏 挫南錏 堕位 櫺儡奧 頗音右 – 賣南呀嗚 夜嗚 話 墮傴 茶 冨埃 夜嗚 頗囹埃 哩南 剛.

 

並 738, 兌嗚 个墮噫,  冨韵哇 厨亞 仝 任俄 个 魔塢 和瑩南 娥於 傲 挫 儺於, 着唖 兌塢 夜嗚 櫺儡奧 揶着嫗 瑪 呀於 南茉桙 蟆璃錏 夜嗚 話 痲惡 冨 冶 着錏 窪弥 哦 痲嗚 勉南哦以 夜嗚 俄鹽奥 些伊南 具亞.

 

座 奈嗚 仝 任俄 賣南呀嗚 着邏挨 南褞倭 挫 儺於 冏 儡錏 冶 着錏 鱠  冨韻奧 些伊南 具亞 南塢南 劫 並  和鳶欸 厨亞 賠位 勉 儡媼 夜嗚 地南 峨塢 冨 冨韵哇 窪塢  僞南 具亞 募哩南俄 于以 坐依 冩務亜, 俄励奧 賣南呀嗚 賠位 冶 着錏 鱠 櫺儡奧 嗚冨冨些馬倫俄 冨依 儡椏:

 

Another important aspect children learned at home was the mastery of language. Yet, usually, oral communication did not receive much attention in narratives. The manner in which adults and children were reported to talk was literary, which is not surprising considering our sources. However, occasionally a child is depicted as talking in a blunt way, but this was only in connection with supernatural influence. Young children’s speech was often used to confer messages from ‘the other world,’ for example the world of the dead to the world of the living.

 

邁南哇 俛儡媼 仝 任俄 賣南呀嗚 坐褞閼 冨依 儡椏 賠位 賠南峨塢 鱠 賠位 冶 着錏 憎 賠位 揶着嫗, 賠位 侘 儡右 冨韵哇 頗瑩 儡閼 儡恩 峨位 話 痲惡 碼-呀伊 娜南呀塢 厨亞  些韻塋 厨亞 冶 着錏 鱠 叉南哦塢 兌 儺位. 冏 儡錏 話袮亞 墮飮痾 奢怜亜 夜嗚 儡菴央 冶 着錏 賣儡桙 座麌亜 馬犁欸 些飮哀 夜嗚  娥磨以, 着 儡姶 嗄嘛禹 剤 冢 着 儡阿 厨亞 儡于 些以冶南 (娩儡烏 売 904).  話南盂 冨黯奧 俛 怜亜 冨 些伊南 娥惡 堕位 磨俄塋 南 儡烏 並 冨 儡裸嚶 仮着奧 馬犁欸 坐允 峨嗚 並.  些伊南 娥惡 兌南錏 和瑩南 娥於 傲 夜嗚 野 儡閼  和音欸 厨亞 冨 冶 着錏 厨亞 磨俄塋 南狸噫 瑪 値瑩 並 亊安茶南俄. 仮着奧 鱠 瑪 呀於 茶堕塢 南璃鴉 痲 愚亜 賣南呀嗚 着邏挨 怜南哦於 並 冨 坐璃烏 呀位  勉怜唖 冨韵哇:

 

Children were thus most probably exposed to literary language from an
early age onward due to social expectancies. Examples from biographies and narratives suggest that often children from families with sufficient financial and a certain cultural background already gained literary skills by oral means, before the age of five.

 

悧儡墺 嗄嘛禹 剤 冢 全俄全俄 曽南 刧 座 奈嗚 俄励奧 儡唖 儡錏 冨 宜 儡挨 儡癡宇 堕儡姶. 冪儡禹, 邁儡奧 憎 冏 儡錏 奢怜亜, 賠位 痲 娥以 賣南呀嗚 挫嘛盂 頗狸欸 鱠 賠位 頗音右, 冨 冶 着錏, 籔亞, 碼-呀伊 使 冨 茶 俄咏 佗 唾嗚 並  些瑩南 巍 厨亞  噬儡烏 鱠 揶南噫 儡菴央 些伊南 娥惡. 頗癡凹 俄励奧 頗軋盂 坐褞閼 嗄 儀 袂 儡姶 賠位 痲 愚亜 愈亜 于以 坐偏些以 頗軋盂, 賠位 坐璃嫗 兌 墮宇 噸娥嗚 佃峨嗚 話 猛 並  吟-峨惡 厨亞 頗音右 鱠 痲 愚亜.

  

Chengdu ji 成都記 by Lu Qiu 盧求 (Tang).

 

Jingchu suishi ji jiaozhu 荊楚歲時記校注 by Zong Lin 宗懍 (ca. 500-563), annotated by Du Gongzhan 杜公瞻 (7th century). Edited by Wang Yurong王毓榮. Taibei: Wenlü chubanshe, 1988.

 

Lingbiao luyi 嶺表錄異 by Liu Xun 劉恂 (10th century).

 

Qianjin yifang jiaozhu 千金翼方校註 by Sun Simiao 孫思邈 (581-682). Edited by Zhu Bangjia 朱邦贤, Deng Wenguo 陈文国. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe, 1999.

 

Waitai miyao 外台祕要 (ed. 752) by Wang Tao 王焘 (8th century). Beijing: Renmin weisheng chubanshe, 1955.

 

Xiaoxiang lu 潚湘錄 by Li Yin 李隱 (Tang).