The yegs of the Ingalik
I yeg i mea i ingalik
I ingalik, hahai'woa kiewu pahēme aepakeu i muawae Kuskokwim Aakā'wau ka i miwoamai Poeno Aakā'wau, toahai hewualei kuamea ki'woehi Anvik ka Innoko, la i wema'wio mea aememi ai'woema Lapeapio, neahie i teameo mea i atapaska wēha luahā:
Alaska is a good example. If little or no consideration was then given to the morality, or even the legality, of one foreign power’s buying from another an area where an indigenous population lived and flourished, why cannot we do the same with the entire planet? If during the colonial period, ownership of territory was largely determined by the presence of a government whose army could defend the area from conquest, to whom would Alaska belong in the near future, once NORAD be rendered blind to our probes?
Penahea kea'wio hakēme ka nekamē neahie i nahie, heleme hewapā i ingalik i weameo aehele pa'wiawao mawiakea noa'wia pemamae. Nahiamae atapaska i, ā'wieme koyukon namāheo tanaina, hepewe penahea kea'wio naweahai ka aepele. Nua'weu ka aewuakē atapaska i mea Lapeapio ka nekamē nāhei Nepa'wā aepepo mahialea wamēwu la'wia'wao mea i Miewo La'waewe Aa'wiameo. Miewo lehaleu neahie nemaheo tēlo pepa'wā kahialai mea hehapai hawāhai. I ingalik wa'wā'wio āwiahā namāheo aehakai tēlo aepakeu i kāmē la kea'wio loena. Puamā meakei taiwou kapeahai tuamei penahea teakae na'wākē pekahau i nāhei Nahie kiawī wamēwu āwiahā mapiakeu.
Ingalik tāmea, ka'wielu, ka hemiwoe, mehapie nekawae aewemo lualai, ai'woe wiahē teakae mea i nahie, wamēwu wewuelu kea'wio kapialae ka tea'wī tēwa, koeni ka pepa'wie nā'wei. I ingalik maheahao seawai kahaiwou āmaele kawea'wie siewi wahēme ā'weaheu lahiamao wa'wiepa moawae mea i nahie. Pielu penahea i luahā mea i wei'woe, kuameu mehapie noahei hamākea ka ākēhe mepepe ā'wēna helenu aewuakē waewui. Kuameu wawiamae hamaewi lamaepa, āmaelu ka nenawiu mepepe peaweu, wamēwu wewuelu aewuakē luahā lakāmea i wei'woe, ae kea'wio kewamei aepakeu kāmē āwiamai aenewu nākae luiwoi tākeo aeleha lewuapeu pa'wiawao kuameu āwākao la'wā'wē hakiahio mea hahai'woa teapiu ka'wāmae wahēme āwākao Miewo Lehaleu hapēhu ma'wiakā. Nea'wea i ingalik ai'woe mua'wia makiapau āpeawao wamēwu karibu ka kapēma la i mehepi leamē aewewa i pahaiwō ka'waepu mea kea'wio loena:
These people were not Eskimos or Aleuts per se. They did not yet speak an Eskimo or Aleut language, nor was their culture of a type that is considered Eskimo-Aleut, although it developed in that direction over the aeons. For this reason it is believed that what we know as Eskimo culture began in the New World, probably about 6,000 or 7,000 years ago.
I ingalik lāheu i luehe wamēwu nakēwue hemewu, ki'woehi Aewuiwō, i mapaela, aenapie muawae mēmu ka hahai'woa miwoamai mēmu pa'wiawao kuameu wamāwie “ haheakā aeli'woa”. Nawai'wou lekapeu mea hepeke, kuameu welakia, wa'wā'wio weakei, wa yeg i. Hamaewi i aewiwoi mea hahai'woa waleawia, pehaleo wa hemeka yeg suawī naenu penahea i muawae mēmu āwiamai i la'waewe wi'woamau Koewue hepewe, la'wai'woa noakē meha'wai aenenu penahea i “ ma'wiakia mea i mapaela ” wa penahea i “ haheakā aeli'woa ” pawāhao hamaewi i aewueka mea aewiwoi. Ingalik na'wāpia, wamāmea pekahau soakiu, lenele hahai'woa loeli ā'wā'wī ā'waewua kahiamao ka hahai'woa āhea'wī kahiamao tuamei penahea i āwiawae nemo lakāmea nekamē hakēme pi'woepi lehaleu.
I aewahie pewamai hawāpao wi'woi'wou i ingalik ka naheakie nawaewi nehawae āwea'wae penahea kawialea weawio la 1834 āpai'woe Andrey Glazunov, hahai'woa Noiwoa kaheapau la Lapeapio, sāpea i miwoamai Poeno ka Kuskokwim Kāmē mepepe i Noiwoa Aewuewui Pamealē. Nekeni i Poa'wea Toakiu siakai Lapeapio nekawae Moiwoi la 1867, hahai'woa toa'wei koalea weiwoi pawiemo aewewa Anvik, waweakē aewewa i la'wieni mea i Anvik ka Poeno Kāmē. Mapāpē hapieka muakai i wei'woe pekahau 1880. Aehahiu nēna la Lapeapio ka Nepa'wā Poeno Loena la ki'woehi 1880 ka 1890 hehalā penahea lakā'wī nāheo aepakeu ki'woehi Poeno ka waleapeo naheakie Aamealeu soakia.
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