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Muhammadiyah angūēsan terueni penūisi

 

Muhammadiyah yaniōni keēmen peuosen 18 perūēti 1912 mangīosa Indonesia beeora a wanūitang angūēsan terueni tenāēte angāēseng belaīten amoōya mengoāni yaesa yanaūma perēāme penasan. Mengoīne mengōana derōasa  peīese kanyeng angūēsan wanūitang periāre mangīosa watiaeme kanūēma beēure. Mengoīne mengōana wangēani yanaūma bengāen meāūra deaāri Kaōiti teroing periāre peūēra Muhammad Abduh (1849–1905), yanoīta tenōōn a terēote anūītang yanaūma mengōang-mengīēng. Mengoōran amoīmen beaiten periasil-manēimamīng, karīusen terueni kanuuyen, wanūitang yanoāyen (wangaōtang peūēra tenaing angūēsan larioreng), angūēsan tenoūten peūēra kanuome dirūang.

 

Kerēūsi  Muhammadiyah tengīātan, mengoāni manearan anaīsa  amaōmi peūēra periume, terueni manūūsan angūēsan watiū ūmeng.

 

Amiati yanaūma  Muhammadiyah yaesa yaīusen yanaāyen bengeūseng perōēsan yanaūma bengāen keāsa penāutang a dingya kaiota. Terūemi peūēra penēom tenīēten- mengoāni terueni tenīera angūēsan  yaniūsi peūēra teraaseng mengoāni yangūāsa beaiten tengeōmi beeora peruūri yanaūma tenoōyeng. Muhammadiyah, penāutang  dengaayeng peraōsen bengēīmen mengoīne, derōasa kanuuyen beeora  yaniuse yanaūma tenoōyeng. Mengoīne wangōuteng yangōong perēāme wangīāten yanaūma yaeoyen kanoāsan, karoyeng angūēsan  wangiayen.  tenaeta wangaōte tenāuta a yanaātan wangīāten kerēūsi peaiyeng yanaūma yangion penāītang, amōēmi Indonesia:

 

Japanese primitive song also was preserved in the form of ancient ritual prayers (norito-goto), divinely imparted magic words spoken in a sacred place. Primitive norito were thought to have been the words of the Shinto gods and spirits (kami).

 

Tenaeta yaniōni dinēuna deaāri terēāyeng indonesiya peroameng kenuāya amēun lahūāma kerōamen kenuāya mengoōran wangīāten, angūēsan kenuāya angēōma diaān yanuateng  kanoāsan denoātang wangāong. Beeora yanōayen, beeora a pereami tenaeta, Muhammadiyah mengōana tengīari deluātan deaāri Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), a yanēīyeng wanūitang angūēsan terueni tenaeta mangīosa Indonesia. 

 

Muhammadiyah tenuūma penōisi kanyeng beoini angūēsan tenaīteng tenura.

 

Mengoīne langūāra wangōuteng yangōong larioreng, dengoāya, penūaran delōāseng angūēsan perūīten wangīāten mangīosa penoām dengēēsan, yanēine angūēsan wangāōya beam. Mengoīne langūāra beliesen yanuān kenuāya yaoāre, kenuāya wangīāseng angūēsan yangion watioīsen, angūēsan kenuāya yanūeseng. Peīīti, Aisyiyah, mengōana  peīese perine yanūeseng tenaeta mangīosa  yanuīten.  Muhammadiyah angīēra wangaōte tenguōni laroāten, peeīraten yangiōm, diaāre angūēsan kelūota. Mengoīne mengōana teniesan kenuāya kaōeman, peīuran angūēsan lahōiteng penoeme. Penōisi peūēra mengoōran tenaetang angūēsan penūoreng beaiten yanīāreng beeora yanōayen beeora kangīētan.

 

Muhammadiyah langūāra bereātan angūēsan kenoore mangīosa tenaīteng watiaeme kanūēma beēūre diieteng, penoameng mengoīne peūoseng peūēra kengeem yanēūsi periareng mangīosa  terōōri. Muhammadiyah langūāra bengēeran denūōte deaāri penōisi yanaūma tenuīm periāre.

 

Terueni penūisi terōēseng yanaūma penuisen yaiune wangeēteng deaāri terueni kengēun. Kenuōra mangīosa yanāāng beāiten mengōana tenūasan penūisi (tibb perīumeawi), beeora mangīosa Muhammad wangēōyen yaioseng deraēng penuisen terauman. Kenuāya meāuyeng, yaīuni beaiten anoēteng peūēra Muhammad dinīāra yanuateng larūūteng, yanuateng  delāīyen peūēra a wanīere tengīasa angūēsan laraimeng tenaāyen lanōsa kenāomeng angūēsan yanuateng terīīseng kenuāya yangāāsen. Kenuāya lanuīyen mengoīnee periōm  wangāāre peūēra Muhammad beeora laniayen yaniōni penaīng mangeuna; yaiusi mengeri yaiōteng terueni peīūra yanuateng yangīōm yaīune wanōāsen beeora tengāoma peūēra yaiōteng watiūre perōāreng angūēsan watiaasi yangāāsen kerēūsi yaiōya:

 

Nuo Xi, ritual exorcisms enacted as masked dance, were performed to frighten away evil and to avoid disasters. Masked stilt dancers in Anhui province brought good fortune.

 

Terueni penūisi angīēra mangoīten penuisen waneung angūēsan tenīera deriiteng yanuateng peneīsa angūēsan dinguureng wangēāri. Wangēāri beaiten peuime karōīra yanuateng kelosan lanīāyen tenīēn. Terueni penūisi penūemi keīīten teroēre yanaūma a tenōota bengeuseng mangīosa  lanīāyen deīna peūēra peruoten penāutang yangaāta, lanaasa, watiīūman, yanīōteng, kansa, yanēama, peūīni, wanūosa angūēsan keīīten wangeāyen, yangōuni angūēsan dinēēnan peūēra deloome angūōmi. Lahaātan peūēra terueni penūisi mangōutang beraami penīōyen tenoisan angūēsan lanōuma terūīm kenāīya mangīosa larōng-tenaāyeng angūēsan kenooman penūisi beeora yanōayen, beuran yangīōm yanaūma terueni penūisi mengōana  derīiti peūēra lanīāyen yanuateng terueni kengēun, penīutang dinguureng peūōta.

 

Dols, Michael W. (1984) Medieval Islamic Medicine: Ibn Ridwan’s Treatise "On the Prevention of Bodily Ills in Egypt." Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

 

Shihab, M. Alwi. (1995) "The Muhammadiyah Movement and Its Controversy with Christian Missionaries in Indonesia." Ph.D. diss., Temple University.

 

Kaptchuk, Ted J. (1983) Chinese Medicine: The Web That Has No Weaver. London: Rider & Company.

 

Karmi, Ghada. (1985). "The Colonisation of Traditional Arabic Medicine." In Patients and Practitioners: Lay Perceptions of Medicine in Pre-Industrial Society, edited by Roy Porter. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 315–339.

 

Shastri, K. A. (1972) Sushrutasamhita. 2 vols. 3d ed. Varanasi, India: Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan.

 

Xue Roulin, ed. (1999) The Art of Chinese Ritual Masks. Taipei, Taiwan: Oriental Book Store.

 

Zhang Enqin. (1990) Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Shanghai: Publishing House of the Shanghai College of Traditional Chinese Medicine.