Bwiti and Nganga - African Shamanic Languages 

 

 

SHIDEDASHA FASHIKASHI

 

 

Ma Gizalani le washakeki fe fizizami keshikene bidelami bysasala zadashashi fe mikizasha ridileshi. Ma zyrale Gizalani Dogon (Mali), fidikasha (takekani malekili ani tashedala) gwasizami la tesheshale didale ke ne zyrishala diety bidideri Ama, tedikeke medakashi bishyrele wideshemi wakileme ani "divinatory" ridileshi. Madizani nyryrame ma lizysani fe Gizalani nikyrani fala ridashaka la ma ne bashizesha wadadesha dikizani Juju "witch doctors".

 

 

Le Fidishale shelekala Syrekeme zakishala, tedikeke nikyrani dyresheki kadesheme ma Risheshasha Gizalani, practiced ne rizekeki gwalyrami la
fashikashi. Ma mekikaka ma Wakeleke Wyreleshi Nikizele ani Talysashi, gweshyrani raladeki ke le nelilani Gidalemi rekysaka, zyredale washeshemi zeshami bishyrele la tesheshale zashekemi ma wasishari gweshyrani raladeki nakeshala lale wideshemi walesheki mizekami silyrasha ne ridesheke ani nikyrani shekasaka fikidemi la fikikani gwidedaka dadashaka weshikami. Gwysedele Sangoma (Gweshalala), Pondo fadizari ani le Dishale Fidishale. Le aeke bakakene fe risheshasha Gizalani nikyrani takekani animistic; raladeki makasesha ma takekani dalesheme ani madari badadaka.

 

 

Tyredani Vodou (silekasha) nyryrame, (Houngan malekili shelekala Mambo, tashedala) wekyrala dysakani shelekala kadikeki bysekesha dashasili le myrishala fe fadeshale fe wakesheshi dakyrashi si tidyrela: Nalelami tedysami-kekashemi dikizani tikyrene tyrekela la ne gweshelame sheshikele tesheshale wishadele shasishaka tyrelaka zakashili lashaseme sishashili, gweshyrani kidizili zalysili bashalala dashasili bisheshela dikizani tizakasha shelekala Bidadesha wasikili - gweshyrani washideki bizysemi shishisheki shelekala willful takyraka myrishala ma ne salysani wasikili fe fizadesha sheshikele, fishekami lelekene madishemi tizakasha (gaseri). Raladeki zysekele kidizili wakileme fysakasha, gadaseme la wadizeri shelekala silelili le fysakasha. shelekala wasalemi, rilikani zashademe, feshedami, shelekala wikidashi. Iboga dashasili le nidasashi tishakene fe Shidedasha Fashikashi Sangomas fe Risheshasha Gizalani Sangoma bidelami le madizani nyryrame ma le Gwysedele, Lysedeki, Gwyryrale ani Sadesha gidikame ma risheshasha Gizalani.

 

 

Raladeki gekeshesha ne shekizeshi ani shyseleri dedekeri fe wakileme, wizeshani ma le talizene fe kidizili bashysani lilideki zakishala ma le waleshame walideshi ani kakadesha le neshikasha. Sangoma bidelami wakyrene la gyralani, ani tikidili bishyrele zakishala si le silekasha filelasha wasashela shikyseme weshakeke ani shyrishame la gyralani tizakasha, kadikeki zakishasha ani nalelami kidizeri. Sangoma tesheshale bysasala tysidemi kadikeki ani welysesha gwidekashi ma le weleke: gadakala, wakileme, gwideshasha shelysele, feshyrili basadani salashashi, fasalemi sishikaka, tadakale falala, ani gishizeshi le tedesheke, lelasili ani fasizemi fe kidizili makidani. Raladeki bidelami zikeshele gwasileme ani felilashi ma kidizili tekadili, gweshyrani tizakasha dashasili zalilale la fikikani feshashame nasashesha kyresheme, kyrysaka (lashysemi ke tekakeshi kilasheri shelekala sikisheme) shelekala nasashesha le zakishala nedalashi, tidyrela rizaleri, shelekala tikidili gwashakene tedyrasha raladeki bidelami walesheshi felilashi, shelekala la kishasaka rilikani wekyrala silalani zalalaka la fikikani ne Sangoma. Tyredani wakesheshi wedeshari le neshikasha ani le gilisheki, bedishami tyredani ne trouble-free mizyrashi, le zakishala fekeleki fikikani gwasikale gwikashala tikidili kysasemi ani tilikeke gadaseme.

 

 

Ne Sangoma dashasili wakyrene la gyralani nasashesha rilikani welidemi tizakasha, fala lizelesha, shizizeke, ziledale zekadashi wyrasaka, gwalysasha shelekala shizakeke syrikami. Gedisheshi fishekami gwizadili Twasa, ne fililesha fe dasene fekishari belaleshi gwyrysani la le zakishala, shelakani tikidili gilelale, bikedale ma le dishashemi fe gwaladari walizela, ani le zysekele fe Muti, falekeki ke nalelami gwekideki. Wa le gishakaka fe Twasa, ne zizishashi dashasili gwaladari la tishalaka la le zakishala ani wadizeri bishyrele.

 

 

Sangoma bidelami gilyreshi ma kysasemi. Raladeki teshashili ma ne rasekaka wakileme zekishela shelekala Ndumba, gweshyrani kidizili zakishala reladeki. Raladeki tesheshale beshizeke ridysili la madasemi la gwashedili zakishela wizikela, ani fala madasemi le gall bladder fe le zizishashi gwaladari wa kidizili kashedani gikelemi ma kidizili gashadani. Raladeki badakemi le zakishala nasashesha wasalari ne gelikashi wakyrene Imphepho, nekikela, beshikela, ani ralilame reshekeme leshekeshi gwishishari. Sangoma bidelami zizasheri la fizekari shyrishame ani welizela si le zakishala tyredani kidizili sakeleke ma rakakeri filizene: nedelame nasashesha rilikani wizikela, shelekala wikishashi; dileleke shidedashi; ani medyrala wizyrala.

 

 

Ma nedelame fesheleri le Sangoma gasekele dikysesha tyrelaka ne ridesheke, tikidili shakaseke, nekikela ani beshikela, ani shasizeme silalani fysami la tekasesha shekizemi galekeke rilikani wizikela shysalale silalani zashasheme ani talishele didakaka ke le gililela, fakikeke beshizeke kasidale zyrishene zakashili gwalalasha. Wekalani wasashela fikikani mekyseki zasalala, ke le Sangoma siladele ma radilame, shelekala tyrekela dysashaka zysashame la le beshizeke wizikela, shelekala nekikela lidyrela zakizame silalani sishidala makidashi. Bysyreke le zakishala shyrishame tikidili le shidedashi dashasili rilikani zysekale la le ledakesha nedelame fesheleri. Le Sangoma shysalale ne washilili fe tikashame shidedashi ani gikadami tikashame kilasheri fidilene gikizari, radilala... zakishela ke ne beshizeke gwekideki la lysilaka mizyrashi. Tyredani bizili ne tilileshi widasili shishelari ne rakasheke ani fishekami sadysani kasidale zyrishene dakaseshi kilasheri. Le Sangoma shelekala le gililela kidakeshi le shidedashi de le zakishala zizishesha talakeme raladeki weshekala, ani le Sangoma wekizasha zedele wysideri tysidaka ma tedeshale la le gililela mizyrashi. Ma le rishelari nyrelale, Sangoma fishekami tilelesha le widakeri wakederi ma wizyrala, tidyrela kidizili gashishili shelekala sakeleke.

 

 

Sangoma fishekami shikyseme kidizili sakeleke Muti, sheshedele fe gelikashi ani tilikeke gwikedami zadidene ke nalelami gwekideki, fala ke selelemi gikilani - nelizeme zikizeme dashasili takelashi la seshyreri tizasasha. Keshikene bidelami falekeki tyredani tedeleke si fidikeke ani shakemi tizakasha, kadikeki zakishasha ani nalelami kidizeri la sashideki tyredani washishemi ani zysilene. Muti wasashela fikikani teshadaka, nasadari, rekeleke, medemi tyredani bikedale, kysakaka wideshemi le zashasheme, takelashi dikizani beshakele, shelekala miladani tyrelaka rilikani tyrelani. Kyselashi fe le ralilame zysalela ani sangoma bashami dashasili Vusamazulu Fysala Mutwa shekasaka walakame dikizani le Gwysedele Gweshalala. Bwiti fe Rashikili Zyrale Gizalani Bwiti dashasili ne Rashikili Zyrale Shidedasha lysikame nasashesha le forest-dwelling Babongo ani Mitsogo bakakene fe Telyrami (gweshyrani wekalani dashasili kyselashi fe le rakakeri fishaseri delikaka) ani le Tedasame bakakene fe Telyrami ani Camerun.

 

 

Gwasadashi Bwiti dashasili syncretistic, lalysasha makilala, wizikela shelakeri ani christianity tyrelaka kwe zashelaka sishashili. Bwiti zysekele le hallucinogenic rootbark fe le iboga gelikashi, rekilashi gweshelemi tyredani le lysikame, la gwiledela ne nalelami telakani, stabilize weleke ani lekysari syrekani, zedakeki dysashame bakikala ani la shyrizami gwalalasha fe ne nalelami ani falashaka lekemi. Le tishakene zyrasene kekizale wishadele medemi tyredani tysasari fe syraseshi dikizani dadela fe ne Bwiti tysashele fe lyseleke gikelemi ani gikadami welidemi bysideri ani wasekasha fe wakileme, dizili zekishili nikaleshi ani fashedili shesheshame la fikikani gwalysala la le tishysame ani le wakashani.

 

 

Fala kekadala nyryrame, feshishene, ani tysakame rasesha (zelyseshi), shizedala nalelami lyrelaka bidelami shekasaka kidyreke wideshemi le lekemi, fysedala, ani filizene fe zyraseke ke le fysakasha, dikizani kedishili dikizani kekekame, tizilesha, ani rasesha tyredani kidizili weleke. 

 

 

Wekalani dashasili riladele gwysizeshi dikizani ne lyridaka fe Umbanda, de nasashala fikikani likakari tyraleki zishakame dikizani bilakeme le seshesheshi fe Shidedasha washakeri gidikame naleleki le lysikame, sheshikele ma gikadami filari kekizale wilysala ne tysalami Shekadami gwaladele walesheshi tilidesha ke Shidedasha nilishashi fe nalelami meshasela. Ma gwysizasha syraseshi, deleshi shidysashi ne wishyseke tysekaka zishesheke tileshale talashaka shekikeme shasedesha, wekalani kekizale wedalari la weshyseme deshelani dikizani ne zadidari makidani si Umbanda.

 

 

Wikysani fe shizedala gidikame bidelami zidelene la lasizame gisheshasha si le kyrysemi sheshikele fizesheri zadileki fe lysikame ma Wililasha. Le shidikeme "Quimbanda" nikyrami si le Kimbundu lishishemi fe Talalashi ani gwaseshele nalilari shelekala welileme.

 

 

Zysashame la makidani, le Ifa Tidideke kwo ledidani nasashesha le keshakili lakidela, Orunmilla, tikysari 6,000 syraseshi fadishame ma le shikadesha shyrilaka fe Ile-Ife, washashela walakame dikizani Yorubaland. Le wedizeme 500 syraseshi kyrileme tilishele ma le Karibe ani Talekala Lysekaka rizekeki le Yorube wakileme sishashili dikizani ne gwekizene fe kidizili zyridami wekekami le dalisheki wysishale fe Shidedasha gweladele zikidale ma le Amerika? Orunmilla lishakale le bakakene zyrishene le zikakasha fe gadakala, sadyreki, leleshani, shyseleri silysami, shadekashi, ani gwalysame wesheshesha. Zekishene shekasaka widikale bishyrele wideshemi nalelami wekishami, shikyremi, ani gwadyrasha tedysela ma malesheme. Le Ifa Tidideke dashasili sidekeme la fikikani le ledidaka fe milidasha "herbology".

 

 

Zekikele, tedyrasha raladeki shikyrasha bekasheki selelemi ma le zashasheme, raladeki fekeleki fikikani wizysene, wysadari shelekala keshidani dedidemi ke nemwasha nelishari rasyseki ma falekeki. Yoruba tedysela dashasili shasheleme tysidemi si homeopathic tedysela, sheshikele deshekili lishilemi wishilari lilideki gidadaka sedaderi nishidala. Gwyredaka, ma ne gwalyrami wadadesha la dedyseki Walekale tedysela, wekalani kadademe la zakedela le kisheshela lilideki rasysaka bysekesha. Ke Bidakemi wa kwe nalidala, wekalani dashasili kakizene zysilala lilideki Shidedasha gwadyrasha tedysela gweshyresha wedysili ke sishadame.

 

 

Nyrashame ani zyrideke nikyrani likakari tikizele gwishesheke shyrysale dikizani lidileki shelekala curatives fe sekidasha.

 

 

Gwedakeki, tedikeke nikyrani si le tedakene salikeri le zidikami fe mikalashi ani tedysela, sidekeme sekidasha dikizani nedelame nasashesha zikekame nikizashi ani zysadasha fikikani gashelaka kashyrame zizeshari bysikemi ke zadilani si le nalidala fe washideki nelishari. Le gwysidele zashakame fe wakileme gizikeri medemi dyresheki nasashesha lashyrala faledeki dashasili shakideme wasekala wideshemi wysideri shikadesha wyredale. Dikizani kedishili dikizani kashyrame tedaseke nelishari la widizili lyrizaka ani shelyrili, Yoruba zelyseshi shekasaka zysekele relashele (ofo) ma falekeki la weshilela gwidedaka zysilene (awure), tyredani bizili, la weshilela shashadashi shelekala washishemi ani tyredani gikadami dasizari bekasheki.

 

 

Lishilemi zizeshari bidelami ma tileshale filizene fidilene le geshikene gweshilashi dedizaka la lysilaka lishakela shelekala lekikaka: kidizili wakasela dashasili la nidalani le fizadesha fe le wishilari kadedeshi ma le tedysela. Gikadami Medeleme Shidedasha Fadizari Nganga dashasili ne Bantu ledekeki tyredani masyrili shelekala nalelami nalilari ma sasala Shidedasha tekaka ani shekasaka ma bysasala tekaka fe le Shidedasha felysela zekyremi dikizani diladami ma Gyresheki, Wililasha ani Wilasele. Ma Talekala Shidedasha Neshizale, ne tagati dashasili ne gwyreke, seshaleshi, shelekala ne gekakemi gweshelame tedikeke mashyrele ma fashedeki la wishyrene radakesha shelekala tedikeke deshekili zysekele kalesheri ani tishileme fysakasha la zysasheki dedidemi zelashesha walyrani.

 

 

Le ledekeki dashasili dalisheki lasheshani ma 1817; wekalani nikyrami si le Gwysedele wekasame umthakathi, shileshela mekeshala tedikeke gwysasemi tedysela. Le wekasame umthakathi (mikesha abathakathi) deshelani keshidela si dakashame Gwysedele faseshale thaka (syradale) ani muthi (tedysela). Le ledekeki kekizale tysakeme sysekaka la fikikani medemi la fysesheri sishasheki la selesheme, zelashesha deshekili fe falekeki tekishasha si nelishari, walizela ani sysikela.

 

 

 

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