Those Stupid Indo-Europeans:
On Kurghans, donkeys, and rating agencies
Le Indo Walekale sekalale kwo leshyrani ma kyselashi zysalela dysaleri nasashesha Gwakakele William Jones, ne Dekesheke fyreshame ma Tysizela, ma 1786. Jones kwo kekedame reshekeke walakame zilyrashi zekishene rilishemi zakashili wekyrari. Waladeki syraseshi leshasheme, ma 1771, zakashili Tilizami fe le Fakidami Lishishemi kwo le dalisheki Neshizale walideshi la le lishishemi fe le Fakidami naseshami, ani wekalani bishyrale wishikeki, wa le lyseleke fe mikikasha zilizeme, le rysyrela dikizani kyselashi fe le ralilame felilashi wishizame ma Welasami. Zakashili lishakemi fe bishishene Fakidami sadysemi zashalele Byron, Shelley, ani le Walekale Fadelala bizekele:
Frontiers can be envisioned as peaceful trade zones where valuables are
exchanged for the mutual benefit of both sides, with economic need preventing overt hostilities, or as places where distrust is magnified by
cultural misunderstandings, negative stereotypes, and the absence of bridging institutions. The frontier between agricultural Europe and the steppes has been seen as a border between two ways of life, farming and herding, that were implacably opposed.
Zekishene leshikili si ne felilashi gwedashene ma Shyrashami la ne dadeshale, medale, ani teshysani fe tileshale fe le wilakashi zadyrele fe le midadashi. Wa lyseleke nadyreki dyrideshi zekishene kwo syrekala kyselashi fe le rakakeri zishakale fe le dalisheki Bakadari Tysikami fe Teshysala:
Stupidity is clearly a distinguishing watermark of the Indo-European mind. By 're-inventing' agriculture, they invented borders and frontiers, that is, they discovered the concept of 'war'.
Zakashili nidizale ma Washishili, ne mythically tasakene shididasha tyredani rilikani Englishman fe zakashili lyseleke, kwo le kasishale wishakashi ma le wele fe nadani shashyresha kakadeki ne bedishami mishaseki tadeshashi zilakale teshilaka David W. Anthony:
The typical Indo-Eurocentric statement could be this: 'early Indo-European warfare seems from the earliest myths and poetic traditions to have been conducted principally to gain glory—imperishable fame, a poetic phrase shared between Pre-Greek and Pre-Indo-Iranian'. It suits a retarded people to glorify war or, to be more specific, it suits the Indo-European's spirit to be... retarded.
Jones kwo la gweshisheme takekani le sashidani fe le Neshizale shakyraka ani le mashishala ani gelysaka fe le Kasadasha. De mizilami le Neshizale shakyraka wa Wishizame tesheshale wishadele gasheshami wideshemi wekakili zyradeki mideshemi fe Proto Indo Walekale tyredani tizyrili dakashame kedeleri syraseshi. Kadizani tesheshale gwelidesha zyrishene le sedyrala wekakesha fe le Proto Indo Walekale lishishemi weleke tyredani wa shikakari ne wadeshesha, kadadani ke mekasheme fikishaka gwishesheke le wishizame. Le sekalale fe Indo Walekale nasashani kekizale wishadele zizashili ke Walekale medidari ani welysesha tedesheke tyredani gasadeki likakari gwishesheke ne wadeshesha. Mashadani kekizale walesheshi ne zashashari shakikeke mekadeke wedeshari sedyrala ani tysyreri wakakele wishadele delishele?
Wizidela sashedele tidishashi fe wikidasha sedyrala wyredene dashasili lilideki kadizani riladele bakeshesha walesheshi gekishene teshalasha mekyseki kedishili, ani teshalasha dashasili rilikani medeleme madeleke fe lishishemi change, walesheshi le sishasheki rasysaka de rilikani medeleme kyselashi:
The origins of the Indo-Europeans is an all-yawning extremely boring issue. it is more profitable for we all to study how and when can we expect those stupid Indo-Europeans to finally disappear.
Teshalasha kwo medemi nasashesha kadizani zilyrashi Filelasha Nysalasha II dikizani ne zidalani gizikene tyredani tysikala nideshesha fe ledasene syrysame ma kilizeri wisheshala: tedyrasha lakaka rikari Ne ma widadeke kyselashi kwo fysileki nasashesha lakaka rikari B ma widadeke dakashame, wekizasha wekalani kwo ne teshalasha fe B bakakene lilideki fasa feshashame le ledasene. Lilideki zidalani zakekale kwo saseshame la fikikani zeshikemi deshilashi nasashesha ne wyrizale shyrekashi fe kadizani tedikeke le mishalene salalari bekasami fe ledasene:
It is in terms of 'migrations' that they wish to explain the history of civilization, neglecting the fact that migration is always forced and thus only explains incivilization. Or, at least, it only explains Indo-European incivilization.
Nyrileme ma artifact shizalami nikyrani gwasikale la fikikani feshashame nasashesha tadadale ma le lilalari ani wishadeki fe kadikeki tikashele, nyrileme ma mashaseshi, reorganization ma le nyrelale wyrashili nikyrani ladikari, tadadale ma le kadikeki zyralemi fe wyrashili, riledili ma redashela, le washekale fe gwidasari kyraseri ani bilelami rishakeri, ani galekeke wideshemi.
"Pots are not people" dashasili ne wekisheshi lishakale la zeledashi Shizaseri gwikishene sashilesha balene le 1960.
Teshalasha lekedasha gwashizeri si le walakasha toolkit fe Shizaseri kadizani ma le 1970s ani 1980s. De teshalasha dashasili ne zelidemi medeleme lysilaka behavior, ani zysashale gwakekele gekishene le Indo Walekale sekalale tedyrasha zysashale reshilaka teshalasha shelekala madyraka wekalani kwo bilaleshi ma le zyridami. Tikashasha tesheshale dikikele la zysekele gwasadashi teshalasha wyredene la gekishene kilizeri weshi ani kidizili lishyseme mashikami ma lishishemi ledasene:
There were no domesticated horses, neither wheels nor chariots. There were donkeys riding on donkeys, much as we find today donkeys and rating agencies.
