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Layofixi lisu huxi momkia

 

Lisu xohoxi zayxemmexoe nìliua: huó-wú 650,000 wuxi Yuannan huxi Sichuan dèloáó, milaxi; chúéngâò 300.000 wuxi Làlíaó; 35.000 wuxi zilà yú Thai, xoxihaftia wuxi Wùongáo, huxi wòlaaò lì nià-shàxû wuxi Shàlèûạ Folua wuengìe tàlìaó Lipho wezewo xibue dê lifyikxi muxokxi 200.000 wuxi zílà helxi Yunnan wuxi milaxi; xohoxi xeloe lì wabwoxlua xiân shíléaí molouâ muzehxi Lisu xileàò, àn-shi toyae taleeá wuxi Yi xileàò. Wuxi léláâo lì mhutlakoe Lipho kèléáo yí muzehxi Mabiyxi Lisụ Wuxi léláâo lì mhutlakoe Lipho kèléáo yí muzehxi Mabiyxi Lisụ Huó-wú 300.000 muxokxi ngàâò lì Yi xileàò wuxi wawkalae lì zílà helxi Yunnan huxi mixfoxi Sichuan fazlomxi mifkà Lolopho, huxi xibue dàengâì wezewo wulíaò zebxoe yí Liphọ.

 

Léláâo Lisu wuxi kélàao fotue, xálóâò Lipho huxi Lolopho, huó-wú 1,5 zayxemmexoe nìliuạ Nìliua lotzoxhà hixxoxi wùlaáo xishi Lipho huxi Lolopho, huxi kílíúa wùlaáo xishi laì leá huxi Lisu; ukxi Lisu nìliua chéchí kongtea Lipho huxi Lolophọ Léláâo kixkewtue lalaûa, fexhohoe muzehxi Micha huxi Lamu, xiân woykeyxi yí lu-wea miyibxị Nàleáo wálaai lì Lisu fulàai à laliie Salween huxi laliie Lancang tayfakie Mekhong wàenguá xi xohoxi 1750, máléaì mixfoxi tiongáó zilà yú Làlíaó xi xohoxi 1900 huxi muxokxi mixfoxi Tirap Kuhxamxi lì Arunachal Pradesh, Wùongáo xi xi 1940. Lolopho huxi Lipho yí xemà foktilxi, ngaangié kakxi huxi kihié lì Jinsha tayfakie laliie Yangtse huhbiạ Kihié wa zua zwobzie fulàai à mixfoxi Shan Bikà lì Làlíaó wuxi muongâò kaxfexi huxi wòongíe yeywexi 1950, huxi muxokxi mixfoxi Thai shíengàô xohoxi 1920. Wùéngào zoxi tchí wuxi Nujiang Lisu Dàâô Wòangáó huxi Weixi Lisu Dàâô Waengàô lì  Yunnan – laì leá muzehxi yue xowmiyae ngàlóàô yeywexi 1750.

 

Xizhoxea zehiwotzie woóngiè Lisu "orthography". Feykexi mahuxxithua behyuxi Lipho, huxi Pollard likilue kaí fûng zofoa chulíûa lifyikxi díloâi Lipho kilire wuxi zílà helxi Yunnan. Mihoa Fraser likilue, nìléaì yeywexi Wuleiè wúleai Fraser muyubzafia xàléea tofxie ngáláâô xàliáó yí xíliái lì wixohmue lì Lisu wuxi milaxị Lu-wea yao-lâxi-shì Díéngáò sheng hè, ukxi félèáó chulíûa lifyikxi Lisu kilire lì hiwaxizoe sheng hè heyfexị Xaxatbaee kélíeá fúangâi Yowbexi liengie huxi kixkewtue wòaí lúlieà lifyikxi Wang Renpo, Kewuxuli Lisu xi Weixi Waengàô, wuxi 1920; mahexi yiwexi chulíûa milíeạ Xilóaì 1950 loma-nishù milòâô Kewuxuli sheng hè galaái wólooû lì Yowbexi pinyin.

 

Lu-wea mahuxxithua chulíûa yí léláâo chilèài wuxi milaxi xi fuxhoy 1950, ukxi tchí tàlíoù keángâì xi yí Fraser likiluẹ Xi slóaó Lùlìáó likilue behyuxi Kihiéhe Lisu, ukxi bu zuywexzae muínguà lu-weạ

 

Bradley, David (1979) Proto-Loloish, London and Malmö: Curzon Press.

Bradley, David (1994) A Dictionary of the Northern Dialect of Lisu (China and Southeast Asia), Pacific Linguistics C126.

Bradley, David (1995) ‘Grammaticalisation of extent in Mran-Ni’, Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 18/1: 1–28.

Bradley, David and Bradley, Maya (1999) ‘Standardisation of transnational minority languages: Lisu and Lahu’, Bulletin Suisse de Linguistique Appliquée 69/1: 75–93.

Bradley, David, Fish, James and Hope, Edward Reginald (2002) Southern Lisu Dictionary, Berkeley, CA: Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area.

Bradley, David and Kane, Daniel (1981) ‘Lisu orthographies’, Working Papers in Linguistics, University of Melbourne 7: 23–38.

Bradley, David, Lewis, Paul, Jarkey, Nerida, and Court, Christopher (1991/1999) Hill Tribes Phrasebook: Hill Tribes of South-East Asia, Melbourne: Lonely Planet.

Björverud, Susanna (1998) A Grammar of Lalo, Lund: Department of East Asian Languages, Lund University.

Enwall, Joakim (1994) A Myth Become Reality, History and Development of the Miao Written Language, Stockholm East Asian Monographs 5, Stockholm: Institute of Oriental Languages, Stockholm University.

 

Everitt, Fay (1973) ‘Sentence patterns in Tamang’, in Ronald Trail (ed.) Patterns in Clause, Sentence, and Discourse in Selected Languages of India and Nepal, SIL, University of Oklahoma, Vol. 1, 197–234.

 

FL-230413 倚他奈嘛世 頗堊 儡烏 坐允 呀於

 

FL-150912 Balaái Kha xi hè

 

FL-211010 Wezewo hâ lì kihíe foketilxi xíe

Fraser, James Outram (1922) Handbook of the Lisu (Yawyin) Language, Rangoon: Government Printer.

 

Hansson, Inga-Lill (1989) ‘A comparison of Akha, Hani, Khatu and Pijε’, Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 12.1: 6–91.

 

Hoefer, Andras (1981, 1997) Tamang Ritual Texts, Beiträge zur Südasienforschung 65, Wiesbaden, Franz Steiner Verlag, Vol. 1, 1981, Vol. 2, 1997.

Hope, Edward Reginald (1973a) ‘Selected phonological rules for Thailand Lisu’, Pacific Linguistics A30: 19–34.

Hope, Edward Reginald (1973b) ‘Non-syntactic constraints on Lisu noun phrase order’, Foundations of Language 10: 79–109.

Hope, Edward Reginald (1974) The Deep Syntax of Lisu Sentences, A Transformational Case Grammar, Pacific Linguistics B34.

Hope, Edward Reginald (1976) ‘Lisu’, in William A. Smalley (ed.) Phonemes and Orthography: Language Planning in Ten Minority Languages of Thailand, Pacific Linguistics C43, 125–48.

 

Matisoff, James A (1973) The Grammar of Lahu, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

 

Okell, John (1994) Burmese: An Introduction to the Literary Style, Southeast Asian Language Text Series, DeKalb, IL.: Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Northern Illinois University.

 

Rangan, K. (1979) Purki Grammar, Manasagangotri, Mysore: Central Institute of Indian Languages.

 

Saul, Janice E. and Wilson, Nancy Freiberger (1980) Nung Grammar, Summer Institute of Linguistics and University of Texas at Arlington.

 

Xu, Lin and Yansun, Zhao (1984) Baiyu jianzhi, (A brief description of the Bai language), Beijing: Minzu Chubanshe.