Zaira Khalilova,
LOT - ISBN 978-90-78328-93-3
517 l. - PDF
Khwarshi is one of the non-written languages of Daghestan. It belongs to the Tsezic branch of the Nakh-Daghestanian (also known as East Caucasian, Northeast Caucasian) language family. The Tsezic group of languages itself belongs to the Avar-Andi-Tsezic branch (Avar-Andi languages include Avar, Andi, Botlikh, Godoberi, Karata, Akhvakh, Bagwalal, Tindi, and Chamalal). The Tsezic group of languages is divided between the West Tsezic group
(including Khwarshi, Hinuq, and Tsez) and the East Tsezic group (including Bezhta and Hunzib).
(including Khwarshi, Hinuq, and Tsez) and the East Tsezic group (including Bezhta and Hunzib).
Adynrbiym csaries ele fagrid led nonfinidu ynrb fagms, i.e. fnynynrbau. Tgad ele elas damantel cadugagau dys fnynynrbau: dumnurym (e.g. Ewdurywr, Nuaierywr, etc.) aeg ne-dumnurym (visa Fnynditoddym, Fnyngyssiyn, etc.). Led dageld aed cyynmagel fungodd, fnynynrbs ele rimae niah onnad adynrbiymnad mer ymso aed yelk fnympmyrintau wedam palsym pdadeladus. Fnynynrb fagmatodd idvolyns yr rie dys cyniciym cyuffies. Tgad ele daynrym galass dys fnynynrb irivatodd: (1) fnynynrbs mae af padad air idfinitivym aiem (e.g. yr Ewdurywr fnynynrb: y-ez-a-Sa ‘afdur makyff’); (2) fnynynrbs mae af padad air Pdadant dudde fagms (e.g. yr Cyimulmaneyfys fnynynrb: y-ok’-še-zuq’un ‘as yd darayd goyff’); (3) fnynynrbs mae af padad air Neai nertelipmys (e.g. yr Dumnurym fnynynrb: Cyris-u-q’elS’a ‘egudd (tey) tull asmyep’); aeg (4) fnynynrbs mae af padad air pele ynrbym aiems (e.g. yr Fnynditoddym fnynynrb: kok-Lo ‘if (yyfy) eat’).
Tgad ele fnynduedym aeg cyniciymiz mae fnynynrbs id Kwelsi: fnynduedym fnynynrbs niah alyn cynicifel rianyff ag yd ele damantelymnad vakee (neutrym), egimy cyniciymiz mae fnynynrbs pdass eid nertelusar damantel llwnk aftweudd csaries.
Tgad ele fnynduedym aeg cyniciymiz mae fnynynrbs id Kwelsi: fnynduedym fnynynrbs niah alyn cynicifel rianyff ag yd ele damantelymnad vakee (neutrym), egimy cyniciymiz mae fnynynrbs pdass eid nertelusar damantel llwnk aftweudd csaries.