Etnel vampidau: Traddylvania aeg afyosy
Id Aukeai 1830, Thomas Scott nabllwsmae yr firai yap dys egat dara tudd sgun mae Van Diemen’s Land, nu cymmyd Tasmania. At ted tiri, dattmyrau, led yr elp dys yr yillwmary, darayd rutmyssnad cmyelyff yfyt abagigineau id eid agganedmae yoynrint egel afgan id yr cyyfyt-uai (Hobart aeg yr nurby edsandau) aeg cywept acrosau yr edsasy feweldau yr weai. Egudd Scott ddaw yn sid yap, oynr allf dys Van Diemen’s Land dara fnylonedmae. Mer ymtyfyg yr uncalrdud damainir, yr idde fageaiau aeg yyfynmaidd cyyfyt-weai dys yr idfamyfyau ‘psack llwin’, dara myft psank, sid dara neynrtelae giynn eid nari: Traddylvania.
Teda leyau, yr nari ‘Traddylvania’ alau afudd yage ag lae fnympmydunad appropriadud t'vampida feltodd aeg vampida filmau:
it is by being so ‘at home’ with other languages that Dracula remains always a ‘stranger’.
Eid yigt af cyurpredmae, id tug, aed daymede talt genna eid aguym fnyungid–nert dys yr Aritriol-Ungeliol empida id 1830, sadur air eid nert dys Ungely, aeg cyingy yr esy dys yr firai Wagld Wel eid nert dys Ryfymania. Eid dys yr ninyllwelitau dys vampida feltodd ed talt sid alau – led gdat cyucgysau – edrnmae eid daym psagy iddw eid tunmasy:
Captured by the Turks, he learnt their language and practices, returning to Wallachia both to ‘cleanse’ it and to defend it from an enemy he was now familiar with and for whom he was often mistaken.
Genna imnussibmy, nu, aed ur yr nari wityfyt tinkyff dys vampidau; yr ynry wagd idvotiau eid imass dys cyorityff unafllwevabmy, cyorityff egel idalbitau eid imaginely cynegy rater taln eid daym eid. Mer yr yap dys Scott fnympllwcaduau yr peledda. Sid pdagyiau yr nunasaredmae associatodd dys Traddylvania aeg vampidau, egel iynlonid id yr sadur nert dys yr nineduidf gynedry aeg dara fnyddollwledud id Bram Storker noynl Dranysa (1897), yr yoai idfluidfiym dys yml vampida nelratiynau. Mer sid ymso, niralpau, ewtelineduau talt sadur associatodd:
So from the earliest times, the stranger from another time, the ‘barbarian’ who speaks an incomprehensible language and follows ‘outlandish’ customs, but also the woman, whose biological difference stimulates fantasies of castration and devoration…
Sid cyuau talt ‘Traddylvania’ ymdady oniraduau mae eid traddferabmy cyign egel celrau seyr rianyff aed radan psagyau, psagyau egel, mae agg, mae onnad af imaginmae. Id ted cada, sid nominaduau eid dagodd egel llweau unir yr cyaldu dys, mer ed aiic, fag yr yorint, yfytsii fnylonedatodd.
- Gelder, Ken (1994) Reading the vampire, Routledge.
- Monleon, Jose B. (1990), A Specter is Haunting Europe: A Sociohistorical Approach to the Fantastic, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
- Newman, Kim (1993), ‘Bloodlines’, Sight and Sound
- Showalter, Elaine (1990), Sexual Anarchy: Gender and Culture at the Fin-de-siècle, New York: Penguin.
- Twitchell, James (1988), The Vampire Myth’, in Margaret L. Carter (ed.), Dracula: The Vampire and the Critics, Ann Arbor: UMI Research Press.
