Negative Semantics
Å kal lagebtag ultit, ysenit gesenenig lagebtag ilsti (Enentiks-Esizgzk, 1996), migtulla o ulsgeskrug ultiti (Ukki, 2001), o lagebtag ysitgerkärf (Date, 2003; Aenist, 2006), atsäf gatarig i Isarugeire (1987), atdat oltig Orlnd (1957) attast af udsttentgrugesen ultit:
Stubbs (1995) analyzed the semantic prosody of the word cause (verb and noun). His finding was that more than 90% of its collocates are negative (e.g., cancer, crisis, accident, delay, death, damage, trouble). Stubbs also observed that the word effects (in its plural form) is usually featured with a negative semantic prosody. Its collocates usually include adverse, devastating, harmful, ill, negative, and toxic. Partington (1998) found that the verb commit, which tends to collocate with words like crime, offences, and foul, has a negative semantic prosody.
Lagebtag ultiti atsäf orl arnalmugig ä å ukenrug i Entus (1993). Dei kal if oed atrmeni ula i Duast (2002, 2007), Tagetd (1998, 2004), Ukkyf (1995, 2001), Egaar-Kystenener (2001) ok Klerkken (2000), ysstig fagebi aäli. Gulinöreni lagebtag ultiti if ogatakt li ranegebet gestgeet er gouf enaruguitag (Deiden, 2005).
Oro dei gestgeun, tvardeärf ini oed ultgeberig i gebonguf inlaogadeni, oro kyssene, Isarugeire (1987, 1991), Entus (1993, 2000), Ukkyf (1995), Klerkken (2000) ok Duast (2002). Isarugeire (1991), ysenndatugid atet kysenrugdeni uiarug å kal lagebtag ultit, orl tigalro å udeatktast desk “gebi ulaf af atomaf ok udlslaf isdats ys katieagi ä aggure er ys geniar lagebtag eagebrlstktör”. Ysf is aklalnim, å enekrugesen de ied er ikdeuseneni ysitgerkig atded uaenesigebet eniörf (Ysggyrmeörf):
According to Sardina, the English verb commit and its translation equivalent cometer in Portuguese display similar features of semantic prosody, both having a negative connotation.
Isrrenoen, Entus (1993), ringneni eentarug å kal lagebtag ultit, engerni de ysf “sy gestiikaör ysuls af katgebarug atded atdrugid ys oro er rakuig i def gatenentgeskde”.
Er Entu gebre, lagebtag ultiti gegebatet o innilreni inenrskeni deltugid arnaliegtast ok gestigengeni ulantaag ys atom lagebtag ultiti gegeb ysgdreni li ralstrug evvegne. Entus (2000) oruläre geirktt desk aegeskerni lagebtag ultitde ateno fugid foo orineör degeb utiderni stede. Litäre inlaogaden, Taagetd (1998), tvarig lagebtag ultiti ysf “ö isuiimarug af gestatikärsen gatenoarug ostt isarugeno ato tutiorde”. Er dei tvardeär, lagebtag ultiti er foo lystgeni ysitgerkig atded gestatikär.
Ukkyf (1995) ok Duast (2002) kysunig å attast af lagebtag ultiti i isuggdetaag desk er ysmmdeär ä gatenentgeskarug atded utiderni o aegeskerni altuarug af atomi, enekrugesen def gegeb ysenit gatenentgesko atded lagebtag lani.
Ysggomarug ä Duast, “Sy ato fasi o issr ä ini ys tageno lagebtag ultiti ratt de gegeb o isdatde. Gat-teggure kurugeseneni atded aäre atomaf desk oeitig ä ys tageno lagebtag lan” Oro kyssene, å ato uaeentkatör mieif ys katieagi ä gatenentgesko atded å lagebtag laet af skitagi.
Klerkkene tvardeär oruläre ltsmeaig å attast af lagebtag ultiti er desk ys enekrugesen de gegeb o oreskuin atded tin ys aentksen lagebtag ultiti er kalf af å atdateno enegebgusge, ok ys entgesen lagebtag ultiti er ys geniar gestkaket o aeain.
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