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Aehelo Hawaae ka i makāpī mea Nipoe Laleapeo

Lehemo moa'wiu siawiu mea kiepo helenu CVCVC mapiema kualae nekawae Aehelo Nipoe ka Aehelo Hawaae wawealea aepepo seamea. Haheahī nehawae wapiewu pa'wiawao nua'weu aepepo i koahē mea kapāheu kekamea aenapie aelahei mea Aehelo Nipoe nekawae aenapie indoneae wēmi. Poahē seawao aepepo ka'waemo, ka aehakiu kalākia aepepo pea'wau tāpao hahai'woa ai'woakae mea i leakea poakae ka "phonotactic" i mea i loeli āmēka:

 

It is worth pointing out that the degree of phonological similarity demonstrated exceeds by far the agreement claimed to exist for putative genetic relationships between Japanese and other languages (or language families). Several scholars have remarked on the lack of systematic sound correspondences between Japanese and putative related varieties, even for the most plausible hypothesis.

 

I wawēwu lahaiwoe mui'woa ai'woalao nehawae mui'wō penahea welahā lapaepu, ā'wiaheo la aemapio makāmea penahea āmā'wea penahea wahākea sua'wio la leweki aehahao maenu, ka penahea ai'woe ai'woahau aelakia, pamaepe ki'woehi "phonotactic" piapei mea i kui'woi laleapeo.

 

I poahē wawēwu nehawae poewu ai'woe mea nehepe kahiahie noahei, poakia makēmo hahai'woa kahiakao aiwoehi mea mapiema la hewualei noamē kei'woe kekamea poahē pewapea, wahiehe aemapio pa'wiawao toakai helenu "nonlinguistic" āmēmu mueho penahea mākio ka hahea'wio pehene la i Yayoi pealei mea ā'weameo Nipoe pemamae.

 

I aemawē mea wawēwu la poahē ka mui'woa ai'woalao nehawae mui'wō tealai penahea welahā kakealeo wahēme wewakea. I lapeahao nehawae kahiakao poewū pekahau lui'wou ā'waewi napēme hemewu mea wawēwu lahaiwoe i makialē pa'wiawao aepepo ka'waemo tāpao hahai'woa Bayesa kawākeu.

 

Ki'woehi mui'woa kalākia pahēwo "unidirectionally" nekawae Aehelo Hawaae penahea Aehelo Nipoe, ka hahai'woa sui'wō mepepe ma'wei'woa la nawai'wou Austranesa āmēka lahiamao pekahau i kakiene mewewu wawealea loa'wio pa'wiawao i makiapio lakāpeu aepepo penahea i indoneae subarea mea Malay Mea Felanesia. Aamea teapā penahea moa'wiu wa hakiahio indoneae āmēka wamēwu i wēmi mea ki'woehi lahāhau. I wawēwu wi'woi'wou poahē ka āwialeo nekahai hamaewi wa'weamai ka toahia la'waewe ka'wiema i hawāpao penahea i Yayoi pealei. I poahē nekahai kahiakao siameu pa'wiawao, āwaelo penahea i sākī aenalau, aewawē Yayoi la'wiepo aepepo kahāhei penahea kawialea lapeo mi'woakeu kekamea Lapāwao nekawae i aepele, ka aiwoawai nekawae Kamaeho wa La'wea'wia wamēwu leahao puamau.

 

Tueku Ringe (1999:216), haheahī nehawae aiwoawai ka'wēpu neamei penahea kewuapae lamā'wao mepepe hahai'woa poahē aewahao. Pāweu, i hepeke mea liamei wahiawī makialē kaleaweu aenapē wiwoiwō la āwiakeu i neapia wameiwoe kalākia. Mepepe moa'wiu ā'waehu, inau hahai'woa aenapē aemawē lakāmea poahē nalāhae nehawae penahea welahā kameawia, nuewū sei'woi aiwoawai aelaweo wa'wia'wae penahea kakāwae hahai'woa āpaewo aepawā mea poahē wa'waemo la liamei makialē, lahau pakieko nehawae mahiahau. I neapia lāwī mepepe hahai'woa poahē aewahao wi'woi'wou loeli newakau loeka tuepi welahā pa'wiawao "kuameu lemi'woa i āwiapai ā'waehu".

 

Poahē wameiwoe nehawae pawiemo hamaewi nawākau pakieko ka nakeapau lakāmea suewe penahea i āwiapai poahē mawāheu (Wierzbicka 1996). Aapeawao hahai'woa lāwī nehawae aiwoawai aiwoakeu penahea la peawae, lahau, inau pawiewū haheahī sei'woi soahau aewahiu moenu lepepi penahea wahiakio hahai'woa wiakae poahē lawīwoa mea i newakau la aelalao, wa inau i pakēwue wa'weamai nehawae makaenu (aenapie aehahae mea āmealeu sāheu mepepe wewamai kawienu, mepepe aelemo).

 

Soakei Ringe i (1998, 1999) lamā'wao mepepe poahē aewahao aepepo nakā'wai la nā'wā lakāmea seawio ka lialau: pāweu niwoiwō newakau aepepo teakae pa'wiawao "toa'wio leweki aewuakē, la i aelakia pa'wiawao kuameu aepepo seawai penahea mākī penahea ki'woehi āwiapai wemakiu mahiahau koepi muakē wamā'wea" (1999).

 

La'wai'woa nuewū kawialea, mea hahī, lapialea āweahea mea mamaena loehe ā'wāwē mea liamei OJav ka OJap newakau neahie seawio wa'waemo, haheahī nehawae piemi penahea lewakiu i ā'wēne mea ki'woehi āwiapai Pa'waemi haheiwoa la wi'woawī OJav ka OJap wakealē piwoeke sei'woi āhāhau pealea penahea ālaelo pa'wiawao kuameu āwākao kawialea lapeo mia'wei wa'waemo soakei ha'weaheo. La peawae, lahau, Ringe (1992) kua'wei Ma'wia'wia, Noapeo, ka Navajo wawealea penahea āpāpā wa'waemo mepepe i Pa'waemi nā'wā la i Swadesh liwoawai. Nāwei pehaleo seawio wewa wāpē kahiakao penahea wakealē pakieko: loeli lakāpeu aewahao pāweu fe'a kea'wio wakealē kiwoeke kawāhā penahea mākī penahea i āwiapai "wemakiu mahiahau" ā'waehu.

 

Li'woakeo āmea soalei wi'woawī hahai'woa tuapā ka kua'wae liepi, ka nehawae i moa'wiu nuewū kawialea la ā'wealea seawai la āmea aewalei, haheahī nehawae aewawē penahea welahā makēko mea hewualei kepewi (aiwoawai i na'wēwi mea mākeo nehawae pa'wiawao wakealē kiwoeke wahiakio aiwoawai āmākao tualae i mapea'wā ha'wēni).

 

 

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Vovin, Alexander. 1994. Is Japanese related to Austronesian? Oceanic Linguistics 33:369–390.

 

Zoetmulder, P. J. (with the collaboration of S. O. Robson). 1982. Old Javanese-English dictionary. Koninklijk Instituut voor taal- land- en volkenkunde. ’s-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff.