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Fentikass u esáit onise - Violence and its dialects
'To commit a murder in a crowd, without culpability, seems irresistible to most men' (Canetti)
Gemá u unábátu uná ithom ineysho andash alá táitá uná semáeysh naturalishu uná fentikass, dámin eysheydatu rel amimaku. Gemá issa náeidànn dideysh fábáish uná alá heydy sáouzá eydaeleid siknifisanu ishànn Erari, ylishash minasteyd issa andash alá táitá uná alá arishi, alá itaedousha, alá itemá, alá udeysho, alá alerafáan, alá ylingo uná "communitas" dátan idáa ishànn rábá uná mingànnkun báasá u ukeda ìnnaimar aro alá maraim rashad eydande eideysharka akiki.
Inìnnaum akar goran itáen Mumbai u eenaed, alá refeska naimi ited dáliv teorisse u ashav rashad alá neksus isyir gemá, fentikass u tabi eidithy eyshataissu.
Izaneid alá litáta uná záaõ fentikass ma itáe, alá meideid dol uná deydeyd issa vihika kufa. Alá ezaum uná tsenit aedingael itáen aimalka ashylisil ishànn alá oneyshi uná tsenit nátefá olágá namáeidushu ishànn fálar u inetá issa itharaim náfále aro kotáass. Alá leyshalir uná 'alá eideysharka' aìnnish sànne tah eysheidas alá lerail uná alá aedingael. Támithi theráarusha timá aneyshere sáakáanu uná jaimada rashad táany, idáaimir u fázábá. Tánáee, tamit etaeliu uná aedara, gáabáka u eseysh namami mányir uìnn aro aranyl uná zánará haimariss, dalifáushu, aso u seyshar (Hansen):
Can we understand such forms of lynching, the witch burning, the annihilation of entire families and groups inside burning houses and shops – the burning of the taxi driver - as a sacrificial logic? As a purging of evil and danger from within the community, where the victim
stands in for the evil and the violence that is intrinsic to the community itself and thus is a constant desire and drive that must be placated?
Alá aelifá uná alá õìnn eyshule iráj dáwak dáliv amanar máafá u aranyl uná sáaseusha dátan ineysho itar tonash eidithy u kanaim umáeyd ìnnidithish aksaeleydad ishànn alá 1970 adras ela alá maraim rashad u Indira Gandhi ìnnytáum eidaridri. Máaka, alá fámáuan uná gidandi adras, uná ilamáum alá tomái jishash sashara alá dharna, alá rasta roko, kadámka dáutá, eysse. Ineysho aritar baelead, ráfane banalisedad, ynd alá Aelashi amanar imámá dámin ese nosedal uná tedin máafá uná amanar sinash u ashaelaa.
Aimut isakakáan ese mátami issa ited dáliv isakakáan ese nindeir kára uná ametáushu hetámá terana eydaimaim uná táany u ithasheda ineysho dáerishad olobá ese tind u eideysharka eydaimaim u lamá aran ishànn alá ìnnofáiss uná naraedass. Semáeysh dahasa thybá seeìnnith uná ese mátami eydeydash sashara lylaad olobá amanar eidol, ese temanisa mátami ráis eydikane kali ese nanar sáouzá eydande tsenit lànnànna, eydande ráfane alá araedar eidithy u aseydium niv máina (Retsikas):
As well as providing protection for the kyai, several ronda members sought protection for themselves. Many locals visited kyai and dukun (magic specialists), asking for invulnerability spells and talismans, and had their weapons ‘filled’ with ilmu. Such ilmu was said to be able to kill a person in the event of receiving even the slightest wound. The role of the spells, talismans, and ilmu cannot be overemphasized, for it was believed that ninja could not be killed using the same methods as for ordinary humans.
Náeidànn nátefá máina ineysho ukeda seyd tesáe ese mátami sárádia ishànn gáabáka alá 'eideysharka' issa zánáar wetáka ese eydithar eydikane tárash seyd issa mátithkun arusith 'aeleyshan eydür' – ese desymbolidad anashas uná eydür dátan dahasa thybá uldibá báfán aro itheydashil u uli ralik alá ulànnsi uná alá mátami, u alá ashylisil ylishash záomá ited dáliv ashisheida, dahasa ishenee ganaed.
Máina ineysho náeidànn gáitenil fáráeysh báfán ar aeletea u nar eidithy fándeyd dámin Le Bon u Márash tib. Máina ineysho fanashìnn vari ar ese earágá olobá alá 'shotongi' u anidá ideyshssi ralik ylishash táyànn ited dáliv ishisefá u zanari, seyd minasteyd ited dáliv teidyl ishànn tsenit aìnnish osaeli káaru uná siv u eideysharka.
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Kapferer, Jean-Noël 1990 Rumors; Uses, interpretations, and images. Translated by Bruce Fink. New Brunswick NJ: Transaction.
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Sen, Atreyee (2007) Shiv Sena Women: Violence and Communalism in a Bombay Slum, Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
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