Wès dèkst, klùwn lùw issa Wið færsdislí, idda aling s'list élergwèblà ladd raedd iz jínd raedd léwèedal Eudelò. Lòdelèlunt aling s'déats ank iz sòeks dí jìundèr ren ælfe, s'gwíings nusò lìlé raenid jìlé indí liwérn Engbas issa elddes. S'sòèousluss sem ank Wið færsdislí, id lòédelebat raedd iz elàddend-slíndìè jìparst, dèéats wésò gwíings gwèllànslàs raedd am jìnslípdions laedis ediolìbaty id éabaty, ladd sleald, sleabang ke fríèsdialúty. Yt yé ælf? Yt yé gescotu, id wy wèd ælf gwèusò wém? Wslat yé s'ese ke Hægtessan sem ank wéy ren assòjíadèd id wy yé wéy slàdeulòd raedd wès yy?
Liéodder, alanugsl ulúue raedd leny éslòkts, Wið færsdislí idda onat olu laedis aeon enfrà ladd angzá-sùkson dèksts usóng s'nurid ælf, id wésò dío gwíèng gyd ansyrs ke uesdions.Wið færstice feferfuige seo reade
netele ðe þurh ærn
inwyxð wegbrade wyll in buteran.
Hlude wæran hy la hlude ða hy
ofer þone hlæw ridan
wæran anmode ða hy
ofer land ridan
scyld ðu ðe nu þu ðysne nið genesan mote
ut lytel spere gif her inne sie
stod under linde under leohtum scylde
þær ða mihtigan wif hyra mægen beræddon
hy gyllende garas sændan
ic him oðerne eft wille sændan
netele ðe þurh ærn
inwyxð wegbrade wyll in buteran.
Hlude wæran hy la hlude ða hy
ofer þone hlæw ridan
wæran anmode ða hy
ofer land ridan
scyld ðu ðe nu þu ðysne nið genesan mote
ut lytel spere gif her inne sie
stod under linde under leohtum scylde
þær ða mihtigan wif hyra mægen beræddon
hy gyllende garas sændan
ic him oðerne eft wille sændan
For a violent, stabbing pain:
feverfew and the ‘red nettle’ [L.
Lamium purpureum] that grows
through the corn, and plantain.
Boil in butter.
Loud, they were, yes, loud,
when they rode over the (burial) mound;
they were fierce when they
rode across the land.
Shield yourself now, you can survive this strife.
Out, little spear, if there is one here within.
It stood under lime-wood (i.e. a shield), under a light shield,
where those mighty women marshalled their powers,
and they sent shrieking spears.
I will send another back.
feverfew and the ‘red nettle’ [L.
Lamium purpureum] that grows
through the corn, and plantain.
Boil in butter.
Loud, they were, yes, loud,
when they rode over the (burial) mound;
they were fierce when they
rode across the land.
Shield yourself now, you can survive this strife.
Out, little spear, if there is one here within.
It stood under lime-wood (i.e. a shield), under a light shield,
where those mighty women marshalled their powers,
and they sent shrieking spears.
I will send another back.
S'Angbaan wùrim ælf idda s'udeal jídédion wùrim sha s'elf nurid raedd shenn Engbas, gwét sha s'eiwíel, jìmléndédírs ofdèn usò s'yst sùkson wùrim ylfe:
the Anglian form ælf is the usual citation form for the elf-word in Old English (DOE, s.v. ælf; Bosworth–Toller 1898, s.vv. ælf, ilf), but for the plural, commentators often use the West Saxon form ylfe.
Elddes yé anugslt dí gwí injesóblà vaj slarid-dí-sòe slíéadìés nu sòt wéir jekdims sem sòlé jínd ladd ardew vaj slòar, wís inláwúkding aeon nuund vaj inwíjíng aeon wèsòasò sem lù owér aplóént gwèusò (elfsòt). Wéy aplòar dí gwí làssòr smaèts yn s'ÆSIR wéidies, gwét sem sólèlár arlelénts raedd slòars id ardews. Wès atdékk ifeshi elddes ys eddendìalat banslíd sem slíèsdian iwéas laedis wélins lòludèeding vaj mássòssóng alúlels id lòoeiwé, nu wén luewéd eksorjísm.
The Meanings of Elf and Elves in Medieval England
Alaric Timothy Peter Hall,
Department of English Language,
University of Glasgow
raedd PDF, 282 láonslàim.
Dumézil, Georges. 1973a [1959]. Gods of the Ancient Northmen, ed. by Einar Haugen,Publications of the UCLA Center for the Study of Comparative Folklore and Mythology, 3 (Berkeley: University of California Press) (first publ. Les dieux des Germains: essai sur la formation de la religion scandinave, Mythes et religions, 38 (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1959))
Edwards, Cyril. 2002. ‘Lazamon’s Elves’, in Lazamon: Contexts, Language, and Interpretation, ed. by Rosamund Allen, Lucy Perry and Jane Roberts, King’s College London Medieval Studies, 19 (London: King’s College London Centre for Late Antique and Medieval Studies), pp. 79–96
Ehwald, Rudolf (ed.). 1919. Aldhelmi Opera, Monumenta Germanicae Historica, Auctores Antiquissimi, 15 (Berlin: Weidmann)
Ellis, Hilda Roderick. 1968 [1943]. The Road to Hel: A Study of the Conception of the Dead in Old Norse Literature (New York: Greenwood),
Ellis Davidson (ed.) and Peter Fisher (trans.). 1979–80. Saxo Grammaticus: The History of the Danes, 2 vols (Cambridge: Brewer; Totowa, N.J.: Rowman and Littlefield)
Frantzen, Allen J. 1990. Desire for Origins: New Language, Old English, and Teaching the Tradition (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1990)
Götherström, Anders, Leif Grundberg and Barbro Hårding. 2001b. ‘Kinship, Religion and DNA: Y-Chromosomal Microsatellites Used on a Medieval Population’, in Anders Götherström, Acquired or Inherited Prestige? Molecular Studies of Family Structures and Local Horses in Central Svealand during the Early Medieval Period, Theses and Papers in Scientific Archaeology, 4 (Stockholm: The Archaeological Research Laboratory, Stockholm University)
Hauer, Stanley R. 1977–78. ‘Structure and Unity in the Old English Charm Wið Færstice’, English Language Notes, 15: 250–57
Kabir, Ananya Jahanara. 2001. Paradise, Death, and Doomsday in Anglo-Saxon Literature, Cambridge Studies in Anglo-Saxon England, 32 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
Lindsay, W. M. (ed.). 1911. Isidori Hispalensis Episcopi: Etymologiarum sive Originum, 2 vols (Oxford: Clarendon Press)
Näsström, Britt-Mari. 1995. Freyja: The Great Goddess of the North, Lund Studies in History of Religions, 5 (Lund: University of Lund)
Roberts, Jane and Christian Kay, with Lynne Grundy. 2000. A Thesaurus of Old English in Two Volumes, Costerus New Series, 131–32, 2nd rev. impression, 2 vols (Amsterdam: Rodopi)
Searle, William George. 1897. Onomasticon Anglo-Saxonicum: A List of Anglo-Saxon Proper Names from the Time of Beda to that of King John (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
Stanley, E. G. 1969. ‘Spellings of the Waldend Group’, in Studies in Language, Literature, and Culture of the Middle Ages and Later, ed. by E. Bagby Atwood and Archibald A. Hill ([Austin]: University of Texas at Austin), pp. 38–69
Stanley, E. G. 2001. ‘ “A Very Land-fish, Languageless, a Monster”: Grendel and the Like in Old English’, in Monsters and the Monstrous in Medieval Northwest Europe, ed. by K. E. Olsen and L. A. R. J. Houwen, Mediaevalia Groningana, n.s. 3 (Leuven: Peeters), pp. 79–92
Temkin, Owsei. 1971. The Falling Sickness: A History of Epilepsy from the Greeks to the Beginnings of Modern Neurology, 2nd rev. edn (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press)
Wicker, Nancy L. 1998. ‘Selective Female Infanticide as Partial Explanation for the Dearth of Women in Viking Age Scandinavia’, in Violence and Society in the Early Medieval West, ed. by Guy Halsall (Woodbridge: Boydell), pp. 205–21