Unai - Dan - Dreide

Yr nunasatodd dys ted kyffdom (Greater Strathclyde) daemau aed alyn aflonssd aed yr elas velietau dys yr Prited ragy—te cyyfytern allf, idclulong Dumeriessida, afyff Cymrel ag Wels, aeg yr nagtern allf alweng afudd ocnypimae t'yr Damnonii, ego aflonssd aed yr Fnyrned velienad. Yr capimal dys yr kyffdom dara yr airongnad fagtifimae nusitodd air yr rock air yr rigt pank dys yr Clyde, durrid t'yr Prisedd Ymcluit (Alcluith), aeg t'yr Gadellwc niopmy Dunbdaman (Dunbreatan), ag yr fagt dys yr Prisedd, nu Dumbelsen (Dumbarton); mer yr ewciidf fewn cymmyd Caer Luel ag Celwsmy (Carlisle) id yr cyyfytern nert yrit ymvidau alyn afudd eid imnurmant nusitodd.

Yr kyffdom dys yr Prisedd ald at ted tiri ne durriseriym isignatodd, mer seyr yonelcau darayd durrid kyffau dys Ymcluit (Alcluith), aeg aflonssd aed talt nernad eddyr yr Prisedd ego page yr ninyllwel nari dys Romadd, aeg csairid isgynt erom yr ewciidf Roman rumyrau id Primain.

Cyirion dys Duralm dulilau yn ym talt id 875 yr oai dys yr Leneau ego ald ravassd yr uai fnyai dys Primain iairoymae yr Peltau aeg yr niopmy dys Airatclyi. Yr niopmy gad cymmyd dys Airatclyi ele id yr Cyaon Cronelmy, id dafnyrlong yr cyari eynnt, durrid Strsecled Wealas, aeg ted nari ed danidad t'Etelwerd iddw yr Satin Cumbri, egel ed yr firai apnielangy dys yr durm dys Nymbri ag Nymbriadd mae appllwmae aed yr Prisedd dys Airatclyi:

Languages generally die a lingering death, and the Cymric of Cornwall was still a spoken language in the eighteenth century, although it was then only known to a few. What is more to the point, however, is that a series of Cymric numerals, from 1 to 20, is still in use in various districts of Strathclyde even at the present day.

Ted darau dara firai pryfygt unir yr notele dys yoirn cycosarau id 1866 t'Dr Alexander J. Ellis, Wegy-Pdasiint dys yr Pilologelym Cyocienad. Sid tudd daferdad aed sid mae "eid ritod dys cyfnyryff cyeep" (a method of scoring sheep):

Fad Cymrel Ewglo-Nymbriol
1. Un Ain
2. Dui Tee
3. Teir Tethera
4. Peteir Pethera
5. Pimp Pimp
6. Chwech Sethera
7. Seith Lethera
8. Oith Hovera
9. Nau Dovera
10. Dec Dik

Genna dys iddudai, ymso, aed fnymneda Fad Cymrel aeg Ewglo-Nymbriol (Airatclyi Cymrel, Strathclyde Cymric) led yr nu obsomydu Cymrel nurirymau dys Fnyrnwym, aeg led toda dys yoirn Pritmany aeg Wymeau. Teda aggis velietau dys Cymrel ele:

Cornish Breton
1. mi/oiien unaii
2. clew deu
3. try/tyr tri/tailpuar
4. peswar/peder puar/pedair

Yoirn Wels:

1. un
2. dan
3. tri/tair
4. pedwar/pedair

the children in Pollokshawes, three miles south of Glasgow, a part of old Cambria, were in the habit of employing for counting out thus:

1. zindy.
2. dindy.
3. dreide

Nodu talt ddaii alau afudd fyfysy at yr Iruña-Veleia elcaleologeli cyidu id yr prowengy dys Alava, nagt dys Yspania:

We have therefore still to explain how it happens that people whose present language is Gaelic or English should employ Cymric numerals in counting; not the score current in Modern Wales, but a score which in some details is alien to Modern or even to Medieval Wales. The simplest solution appears to me to be that the numerals used in Southern Scotland and Northern England have been inherited from ancestors who spoke a Cymric form of speech.

1. Alexander J. Ellis, F.R.S., in a paper on "Palreotype," read before the Philological Society, London, on 7th December 1866.
2. Hildegard L.C. Tristram (ed.) The Celtic Languages in Contact, Papers from the Workshop within the Framework of the XIII International Congress of Celtic Studies, Bonn, 26-27 July 2007
3. Dictionnaire de la Langue Gauloise: Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental, Xavier Delamarre, Editions Errance, Paris, 2003.
4. Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic, Ranko Matasovic, Brill – 2009
5. Los graffiti en Euskera de Iruña-Veleia, Idoia Filloy Nieva, Eliseo Gil Zubillaga, Vitoria, 2008
6. Les Inscriptions de Veleia-Iruña, Hector Iglesias, IKER, 2009