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Hakiaheu Aepele Naweahai Astralia

Wapia'wie Aamēka

Extinct Southeast Australia Aboriginal Languages

 

Aapai'woe aewahie muapao hawāpao weiwoi mehapie helenu saehi haheahī nehawae maheahao āwī'wō pa'wiawao wawea'wae neahie waweapea 250 Walāwio āmēka la Astralia. Nekeni maeho hawāpao mepakai la pawaewua helenu i Mewepe soakia mea Astralia la 1788, haheahī aiwō pakeameo wamēwu lapialea āwiapī pa'wiawao wawea'wae nehawae hahai'woa āpiahia napea'wae wi'woi'wou āmēka mākeo kakāwei maeho ka ā'weameo hawāpao ka kea'wio liawao muewo keakae.

 

Lamai'woa mea i āmēka la ki'woehi aepele naweahai mea Astralia kawialea lapeo paewui penahea wamēwu hakiaheu ka haheahī nehawae nua'weu āmēka mākeo nui'wou i lapāheo mea maeho hawāpao. Hamaewi i aewuakē hakeamai, i āmēka mepepe mākeo hawāpao weiwoi hahiawī wahālao ka luamea aepepo ki'woehi pākea la mākeo ākaeho aepepo mekehu liwoawao taehu āmēka wamēwu la'wia'wao mea āhiapia ka'wāmae. Nua'weu aepepo penahea welahā kahia'wē la i keahia moapē mea kahāpae Astralia. Aena'wā penahea aemapio aenakeu wawea'wae aepepo aelapio waweapea loeli puahī lakāmea āmēka pa'wiawao mapāmao welahā ākāpī pawia'wiu:

 

For New South Wales a significant issue is whether a traditional Aboriginal language can be taught or learned outside the traditional territory of that language (Troy and Walsh 2005) while another matter is whether such a language should only be taught by a person from that language group (Walsh 2003).

 

Lahau nuewū aiwō mi'woawā pa'wiawao aemapio āmēka pa'wiawao wa'wā'wio lapeo nui'woe mahā'wī wamēwu hakiaheu aepepo kā'weo ka i luemu pa'waiwoa mea mapea'wā muewo hemamea wehaheo la Wapia'wie Astralia.

 

I lemeli hiwoa'wae nehawae aema'wae namai'woi: lamai'woa āmēka kawialea ā'wēko lapeo na'wēne ka hakiahio aepepo penahea miwoelu. Wawea'wae kawialea lapeo leahae paewi mea ki'woehi walāwio laleapeo nāhae la Astralia. Dixon nehawae āheakea tāmea mepepe pehaleo pa'wiepo mea noawea la'wāmā mea i āmēka. La nua'weu paewi wawea'wae nehawae lemeli wawēwu pa'wiawao wawea'wae mawiakea lapeo hahai'woa wamaeno la i aepawā mea āmēka liele hamaewi hahai'woa ai'woema penahea ai'woema laweapau. Wawea'wae mawiakea lapeo hahai'woa kapēnu ki'woawae mapea'wea la i aepawā mea walāwio āmēka liele lewuakeo ka nua'weu pekahau nawai'wou ā'wea'wia hakiemu la Astralia toahai 1800.

 

Aelaweo aenapie walāwio heneme heleme maleawiu pa'wiawao kea'wio laleapeo mawiakea kewuawae aiwō a'fetae āpieni aewewa na'wēwi hahai'woa wewua'wiu kiepo ka aemapio weiwō moiwou. Mepepe aemapio āpeawao kiewu wawea'wae mapāmao welahā haweapae ā'wāmei. Kuameu aenahā welahā aewewa toakī āwēwū ka saeha mea āmea newawio: āwēwū pa'wiawao kuameu wahiakio aiwoawai āpieni wamēwu hahiawī wamēwu kea'wio hemapio ae saeha inau kuameu mi'woawā haheahī wamēwu hahai'woa kehelo lakāmea kea'wio mapea'wā wameiwoe.

 

Walēwi i namai'woi poawea waweapea i aelawā mea taehu wapia'wie āmēka na'wēmi piwoalei hahēwū waweapea kea'wio aelawā wahēme wawea'wae weiwoi soepu wiapea kapiameu. La'wai'woa wawea'wae kawialea lapeo aemapio papealeu la ki'woehi aiwoehi mea nawealeu ka hewualei moalea la kuewue hawēwe wia'wao hamaewi taehu wapia'wie āmēka āmea aenahā welahā kēhi pekahau i hahiawī kakealeo aewuapie piwoalei kialea penahea laleapeo endangerment. Li'woakeo kuewue hepaheu penawau penahea welahā niawai ka āmea aenahā lemi'woa nakāpai kuewue hawēwe wia'wao haheahī mapāmao welahā pahā'wio hakiahio wia'wao aiwō welahā maweawia aena'wao pekahau wapia'wie kiewu, mākeo sei'woi miwoelu la i pemameo mea memahea kehahie pekahau wapia'wie nuamē.

 

Black, Paul. 1993. New uses for old languages. Canberra: Aboriginal Studies Press. Original edition.

 

Dixon, Robert M. W. 1980. The Languages of Australia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Dixon, Robert M. W. 1991. The endangered languages of Australia, Indonesia and Oceania. In Endangered Languages, Robert H. Robins and Eugenius M. Uhlenbeck (eds.), 229–255. Oxford: Berg.

 

Dixon, Robert M. W. 2002. Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

 

FL-300610 Etigebgenig Enegebgusgde

 

FL-160212 Aamēka mea Tasmania – The Languages of Tasmania

 

FL-130611 Pre-Contact Languages: from Abinom to Zuni

 

McConvell, Patrick, and Nicholas Thieberger. 2001. State of Indigenous Languages in Australia – 2001. Canberra: Department of the Environment and Heritage.

 

O’Shannessy, Carmel. 2005. Light Warlpiri: A new language. Australian Journal of Linguistics 25 (1): 31–57.

 

Thieberger, Nicholas. 2002. Extinction in whose terms? Which parts of a language constitute a target for language maintenance programmes? In Language Endangerment and Language Maintenance, David Bradley and Maya Bradley (eds.) 310–328. London: Routledge Curzon.

 

Troy, Jakelin and Michael Walsh. 2005. Languages off country? Revitalizing the ‘right’ Indigenous languages in the South East of Australia. In Creating Outsiders: Endangered Languages, Migration and Marginalization. Proceedings of Ninth Conference of the Foundation for Endangered Languages, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 18–20 November 2005; Nigel Crawhall and Nicholas Ostler (eds.), 71–81. Bath: Foundation for Endangered Languages.