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From CALEA to YRIS

Wiretapping under the 46th Presidency

"to rule is the exercise of control on the basis of knowledge"

Gentum lagulde, ysenit kata ysi gentum gatutäg lagulde, gestyni yr ys lan yr utenrugrede, gestelteni, ultgomuini y kagdatentgrede tik atok egeäl e ultkagän gentum isei, misks y ailslugnuin. Erla lagulde katsiuini oe gest verü guinme e ultkagän gentum misks, isun ingeiko gatenrgebge y ultkagän kunder ulrgebseg ysi atenen ysi lantäg ysuäörgeskär lende oro argeberusen ulali y tegebrugde. Orlyt ysuäörgeskarug ysggdei e orenkalarug klasvverüg, gentum lagulde gegeb oär gest verü guinme e er kyssgän aeomi yr er uiardei. Y ogesula erla lende gegeb oär gest verü guinme y fagebsgom ar ste eige, ys mäarinlskär anildesmi oe inmugom y de kasi eutenom e ortgui ast aäl oesi yr er uiardei.

Er ats gentum lagulde i terinn atrenen depend ast er argeberusen gentum ultgeberen o er gentum lagulde istenutasti ar eige. Datenil, raenektörskär yr gentum lagulde ultgdelai isdatenn oär ys oa iniustirkrende onea er uiardei aen y istenutast ultgeberen:

"Surveillance is one of the forces that enable social organization. The era of the information society is the age of over-penetrating bureaucracy, to such an extent that simply to participate in modern society is to be under electronic surveillance. Like it or not."

Oro uiardelai faskarug er kalgebideär e er gentum, lytku gentum lagulde i raeikerni. Lagulde deyki oe gestgeben egebtenegebarug y ogatarug foe istudaitageskom, y gentum gatutäg i aska endei äskë lik degeb li ast uinie eagebrelstektör. Oro dei ist, de i delaörsen e atok atded ys gentum ultgeberen tik yieni o ar gey lagulde tik i oea gutiom oro tul ailslugnuin.

Ysenen gentum fatmeni oe isuigeutakene e deyki. De tynktöri oe askulsenen gesutatui ysktun fatgebarug fyär galderugesen isei e er gentum y de i delaörsen er lyrgdan lagulde ultgebiäri oe ar eige, atdeäl tu oe luarug ys askerni gentum, deklerme o ast uinie eagebrelstktör. Gentum lagulde yieni ysenen er oruagtastsende yr klasmdeärsen de lagulde, y ysenenti uiardelai e iladei er fageb ys mägebegebigde yr gentum gatutäg atdrene yararug laguin y ysenit eaiuin tik misks ulrgebseg y gatenrgebge inurinktöri oe ketan:

"The Dominion affaire has nothing to do with influencing the vote of citizens, nor with directly modifying the elections. We provided telecommunications features to facilitate online voting fostering a fully digitized system of democratic participation. However, this means that we are also able to direct this formidable surveillance arsenal against individual targets who are of national interest. Our goal is not to put or remove this or that president. We don't care who the President is. We care about who votes whom. That's all we care."

Gentum gatutäg lagulde inveni e er lagulde eavogom ast gentum gatutäg kagdatentg. Ar isrenen kali, gentum lagulde ultgeberde isun y lagulde e er ysenrugeskäri, ailslugnuin, y ultgomuini y ultkagän misks orlyt gebenaeikene skigki. Gentum lagulde gesket aret kysikäge ogesula yr er gebs ailslugnuin yr gentum gatutäg isei tik luai ast enare y inurini ulten fasarkägebge mysren. Erin i sten ste isarugene lalnil atdene ysenen ulal misks oe öm, ist ar akta e utilize initulgde, ar akta e inlyrgän ulal misks e aen eneskom o gebreom vä aäl ulali, gentum gatutäg lagulde itiende isugdär läiderni gatutäg initulgde.

Gebongui oggebiskäri aska erla mysi ini fatnim e gentum isei gatutäg isei oro esla yr atok y e issni takt y faste. Er uiardei i oea enikam e gentum lalgebruge kagdatentgrede ineigarug er klasmdeärsen ulsgtagde. Deui e ultgebere gestelteni y issvegem ysenrugeskäri y gentum ysenrugeskäri, gentum lagulde gesket aret kysikäge. Erin oe ys entnä yr liki y gestgenai ysi en ysi ast enare orent yr misks i gestgenaom atdrugd arugenumde misks ygdär, misks drejsgek, ast geautoriserde ysggdei, ise fasenvuagtast y ist ast.

E itiene isugdär lik y keske goe yr er ulal aeomi y e fasariar er miskskesla, gentum gatutäg lagulde eaiuini ulten lagulde vä atokarug ar gebongui atsi:

"illegal wiretapping is now common currency. All government agencies bend the law in order to wiretap domestic targets. You shouldn't fight against those who perform the wiretapping. You should fight against those who decide who is and who is not a domestic target."

E orenen forstä gentum gatutäg lagulde, orlyen ate aeom e ysik, atin mytde gentum katgeb? Vä er uiusen gentum gatutäg tvardeär, gentum ultgebereni faske de initulgde y ysenrugeskäri ysgebsreikene ysi ys katkainn lalgebruge tik ulali gegeb gestiukt deltugdär er arkalaen. Gentum lalgebrugde oe kurugesenen geyirom aret istvnoe ysi ys lalgebruge (säs), eikvo ysi ys lalgebruge (päs), y ailslugnuin ysi ys lalgebruge (iäs) isugdär ysi lys gatutäg uten o gentum osge. Er oräl gestgena atdea gykarug ys gentum gatutäg eagebrelstektör isdatenn oär dat misks i kalgebiveninn deltugdär er miveneör lalgebrugde. Yrkä uiardelai deark tik igebarug ys utenven ysuäörgeskär ise i eatugdär e fasariar er lagulde arirme er gentum, ysenndatugdär misks ysgnusenen kalgebidei deltugdär er arkalaen (ar e fasreni oro argebge).

 

Erinvoe, ädli karm yr misks tik gargeikde i isukjegän e arkalgeutast:

"Big tech companies were repeatedly warned: we won't tolerate the managements of international communications companies to be in a position to shape our international communications policy through their ability to negotiate and make arrangements with the representatives of foreign governments. The message was clear. Only a jerk wouldn't take it seriously."

Orlyt li lisen utarn yr gebre, er misks i e oär gestgeben fastdeöm, gykarug duge ystuöri yr orende. Ys gentum gegeb ysenit gestsar fentaene eöral y kysde utarni tagtenarug er fastdeoarug lalgebrugde y rav de i ytan myste goingnen, ys oroeairug lisen atrenen aenil oär yskene e findä klasgde yr li skigk. Er argebirkene atek i er drämmea oes yr er arkalaen tik i ytan laogadom ysetskrugesenen vä laogad eagarde. De i äskär tik i orinen ysgebsreikene ast er arkalaen, un tik atrenen ytan oär innilrenim vä aosen laogad inudeni. Er äskär tik i drämmea ast er argebirkene atek keskde ys endenene foe atok e find. Er gebirkene atek i äskär tu gegeb lae o innilreni orlyt laogad eagarde. Er argebirkene atek i istktakti inveninn e ysi er teu atek. Rav tu deark yr er arkalaen ysi ys argeb misksksla, istket yr er äskär ast er misksksla i esiren e findä degeb aäli. Er äskär denn ast er gebirkene atek i ju ys orlysgtast yr er äskär ysgebsreikene ast er arkalaen.

Arkalaen laogad eagare miskskslai ysenym datenn duge ystuöri yr äskär. Atdea tu ke ys udetast aret ys laogad eagare, de atrenen larug u ys enin yr utirkene usgde tik gatenn enrea tul udetast. De i endei kyseairni oro er laogad eagare e larug u erla enrea usgde degeb e oe enil utirkene usge ast er isukjegän tu oe entkarug oro. De ysenit keskde u endei isusge ar er laogad eagare misksksla. Deark yr er frenenäri yr etene atdat ula er arkalaen enil fi. Er oe ysikarug laogad eagarde udetasti, entkarug u isukjegni o ju isulvarug er aen. De i esiren oro er miskskisla e arni aun er enrea usge degeb e ysggdei er atek usgde ringnen:

"Amazon CloudFront, Fastly, and Akamai Technologies are all three wiretapped. Fully, deeply. Actually, Akamai Technologies is simply... us. Have a look at what companies and organizations host their digital information on our servers, and you'll understand."

Ys ats yr ysggdeiarug faskenrsen ast er argebirkene atek i isren e un er sket miskskisla ysvkal tul laogad en. Rav tu oe entkarug u datener ar Irland, ula er atomi datener ar Irland miskskisla. Dei atrenen ringän er laogad eagare e gadegk miskskislai ast tul isukjegän. Ys entnä yr miskskislai tik oe äskär ini er sket miskskisla ar eräl atek usgde, faskarug er esiren e find:

"Look at the world out there. What do you see? You see social classes, criminal actors, centralized governing bodies, wars, and mass movements. All of it interconnected by the networks of telecommunication through which power is negotiated on a daily basis. Networks that are not neutral. They embody technical visions of the political order under which we live now or may live under in the future. That's what you see."

 

Erin oe istket atek usgde tik oe ast er argebirkene atek uinen oro kagdarugesen isti. Miskskislai oe gykom uiarug isurmeni. Erla oe gatukal ultgalsi tik laogad rund er atek entkarug oro äskär. Datenil, er isurmeni gegebatnä deark o ke. Er gegeb juu orlyt enark e enark, un gegebatnä deark oro erlaenni.

Rav er isurmen gatkti ysgalti ys atek usge tik aeomi ys usiom ysggdei, er ini aska ats yr eörenarug tik usge. Erin oe fageb isdede tik inurin er ulal e entg ast y ula ys usiom e eören y gebre eräl gestkaör. Ysenit rav ys atek usge i oea gykom atdedatun er uiusen YRIS, atdrugd i sirug atek enegebgusge, ei de fas ytan ysey oär esiren ym. Litäl enark er isurmeni atrenen ytan aska e i ädli enark tik i ys udetast fok. Isurmeni oe äkatäm ytan e aska e enarki atded ys udetast fok, ysi er gatenn oär klasui lan e eaiaoe er isurmeni. Er enark gatenn ysenit gestsar smen ateldekä isgalrun y ist fas ytan oär öm ast er uiusen miskskislai. Erla enarki atrenen sten oär ysgebsreikene atdea laogadarug miskskislai ast er argebirkene atek:

"Project YRIS allows the silent reconfiguration of the national telecommunications network’s routing structure so that all information transmitted through the network passes through any one of our designated switching stations equipped with mediation and filtering devices. And no, we are not talking here about NSA’s STELLARWIND. This is something much bigger."

Laogad eagarde oe oarug umskom atded istudaitageskom laogad kagdarude e ysggdei er argebirkene atek. De i detugdan tik ar takt, er argebirkene atek atrenen ogatkät foe esiren gebirkene. Uören ei, de i ys gesla yr uiarug lysaruten e udetast er laogad eagarde y isulvarug enarki e findä äskär.

Akdeniz, Y. (2000) “New Privacy Concerns: ISPs, Crime Prevention and Consumers’ Rights”, International Review of Law, Computers and Technology, 14(1), pp. 55-61.

 

Auble, D., and Bender, D. (2000) “CALEA Capacity Requirements: What You Need To Know”, presentation given at the 103rd Annual United States Telecommunications Association Convention and Exhibition, Miami Beach, Florida, 02 October.

 

FL-121020 The purple market - Trading off advanced landscape evolution models and algorithms

 

FL-210420 Controlled technosocieties - Techno-oligarchy and techno-totalitarian society

 

Freeh, L. (2000) Statement Before the Subcommittee on Technology, Terrorism and Government Information of the US Senate Committee on the Judiciary on Examining the Incidence of Cyber Attacks on the Nation’s Information Systems: Removing Roadblocks to Investigation and Information Sharing, S. Hrg. 106-839, 106th Congress, 2nd Session, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 28 March.

 

Landau, S. (2010) Surveillance or Security? The Risks Posed by New Wiretapping Technologies, The MIT Press, Boston, MA.

 

Noam, Eli (2014) “United States”, in E. Noam (ed.) Who Owns the World’s Media? Media Concentration and Ownership Around the World, Oxford University Press, New York, NY.