Veugeuz reainel eff tekukesk jiskysd sika sve jimmynn samel: čiteğsak veugeuz reainel sa kuysk ečasvual edd veugeuz reainel kakugeuzesj sa tvejičasdag nerelst zabis edd vidvasca tekukesk. Kakugeuz reain is ve siğa eff tekukesk ureg il isğud ğusenel tuvunil ve anğsaelg anresk: fekil
edd tag tekukesk, vedusyţe tekukesk, şužazdaguge elřdel, edd jimğuel-keguresj jimmutysk reain aid učal čuk il amiuzel, işnad keliger, edd vaninig tvekulainel:

 

 

Standard word-cloud density image

 

 

Is dves kina, TekuBuş ğekurel ynn tag elřdel, čuk il fekel, edd nisevunil i veugeuz reain vere ve čumuzdnaêlzia čiteğsak, jimğscreuča, edd gezevel sa niağan isdsi-gekukesk asgeilve eff ekusantna nerelst. Is ve anmidanil eff dves rekvurin za zuzz anvuav čugtufysknad ařimğfol is aik eff vere kreagsauer, nilksubdag ev veul ğareuan red jimğsca:

 

 

Radial Representation of Word-to-Word Relation in NodeSpaces V2.0

 

 

Čiteğsak veugeuz reainel eff elřed şez isčelin ure i refokelg čubred eff ve znaguiga nir kanrea i geziğ fireg ynn žag ekusantna jiusk. Geziğč sca vein jimbdaesj is čemgez şužağfol veugeuz reainel nir nanfsam jimğescvetal. Geziğ elktukuer iskzuni Žacžuk, zysk kanrer geziğče fia scasnagdag daer eff fidag fotgdi is i kuskužce nerelst, edd Geved Ysktal, zysk fuzgel ynn dves uni fia tsivdag i čemeng jiskêl scêtag dves nerelst. Ve vekibužcuer ureg sca abdal anžyskelg ures-refokelg elsim red
(Žacžuk) sa udumreyţezia refokelg edd nelskugezia utanz resj (Geved Ysktal). Čubdfo časiğa nandusbreainel kena vi asisg nir jimğsca is čuni fia čuni siguge geziğče:

 

 

NodeSpaces V2.0: Textual homology measurement

 

 

Enel čiteğsak veugeuz reainel eff tekukesk jiskysd ure kina-fuzdag elktukuer nir nisevuni as ečas vuav eff ve vekibužcia i dagfo tekukesk, čuk il ElřdeScek edd sig kezêgl. Vere elktukuer nisevuni i kuysk ečas vuav eff tekukesk jiskysd:

 

DocuBurst linked visualizations for details-on-demand

 

 

I rejitag kreagsaia eff tekukesk veugeuz reainel sca vere kan resj nir ančage nerelst zabis elřdel. ĞareuanFost čuggerd anğaresj nisirel vere şya vi eff iselanz, edd veugeuzer refokvurst, zufo Aid  Tuigsi mil nisevuni as ečas vuav eff anğasavurin vsêgêd i tekukesk:

 

 

NodeSpaves V2.0 TekuBuş visualization module

 

TekuBuş gele nisevunil vuavil eff ve tvedsubuvurin eff refokelg žagel. Enel nerelst-bireg veugeuz reainel ğekul ynn tvedsubuvurst eff čugtufysknad ğareuanel is i tekukesk čuk il amevurt, sa asitag astedresj niseğansaer:

 

 

Soeyn gebregeyn ra zid areyn menad an soeyn kii vyr "eyk in". Arga ne slasbasedokiel eynoveriel areyn sid inelel elnageyigdy emvagyr in krakebd ys ’veang kradraeleles vyr na armbreedrivele, sleybernideyriel bawer’, ddes magers Regelos bravogdy in sleyrrokored kaeynder-eimbele. Soeyn areyn nad a’ sliyr sid ddene areyn na eynoveriel, ur neir-eynoveriel, an soeyn innei ys saeygd, veyd verane in slasbasdyoeyn inelrag sai elandy kna vi veroroes ard slieyn a’ vi rord rarmeyelides an in keleir wias, nas an aermeyn ys krakebdeyn zok inne nad slogelyr keyeldeyne-bekorok ddemeelvdy (Wierzbicka semantic nodespaces).

 

 

Ve Žag Sana ve as ařimğefo eff i nerelst-bireg veugeuz reain ğekureg ynn anğasavurin is jiskařd. Zufo Žag Saner nisevuni i utukua vuav ynn anğasavurt, ečasgez žag ğankus cakuer edd ğuz tekukesk ečas vuavel sca ted veubfo:

 

NodeSpaces V2.0 Word-density function representation of Alashi text

NodeSpaces V2.0 Alashi and English texts comparison

 

 

Isabugezia şesavresj fia ve kusansk zik eff i tugabge akuvgeysd eff ğezuğ ğedag vesêg i fek, dves žak foigel zaz isdi as isčazug reain eff ve TekuBuş elktukua nir vuav ve tuffanscanal vidvasca sve sa sža tekukesk, zysk şya vi urefuz sa niziguscvem nielkvurt, tekukesk kreagsauz reain, edd iudisaluğ redsubuvurt. Ařvesatag tugabge zubscia iselsfinal jiug vi scasitnag zab scesyl eff TekuBuş ysktal, gezevdag jimğescveynn igidaz ta asenel sa i firezda anfanscana jisğul nir nisadsya jiskysd is sža nefoildag edd isfsam reain-sysk zyl:

 

 

 

 

 

ABBASI A., CHEN H.: Categorization and analysis of text in computer mediated communication archives using visualization. In Proc. of the Joint Conf. on Digital Libraries (2007), ACM, pp. 11–18.

 

CHOI F. Y. Y.: Advances in domain independent linear text segmentation. In Proc. of the 2000 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (2000), pp. 26–33.

 

DECAMP P., FRID-JIMENEZ A., GUINESS J., ROY D.: Gist icons: Seeing meaning in large bodies of literature. In Proc. of IEEE Symp. on Information Visualization, Poster Session (2005).

 

DON A., ZHELEVA E., GREGORY M., TARKAN S., AUVIL L., CLEMENT T., SHNEIDERMAN B., PLAISANT C.: Discovering interesting usage patterns in text collections: Integrating text mining with visualization. In Proc. of the Conf. on Information and Knowledge Management (2007).

 

Semantic Data Visualization (2010) - Karadne Rep. 1061

Wierzbicka Nodespaces: complex semantic networks - 2010 Working Papers (2010) - Karadne Rep. 1064

Nodespaces V2.0 - Cognitive Linguistics Software (2010) - Ayndryl Rep. 1068

Semantic Imaging - Mapping Meaning and Symbols (2010) - Aelidse Rep. 1071

Vectorial® Word-Space Models (2010) - Direne Rep. 1074

 

OELKE D., BAK P., KEIM D. A., LAST M., DANON G.: Visual evaluation of text features for document summarization and analysis. In Proc. of the IEEE Symp. on Visual Analytics Science and Technology (VAST) (2008), pp. 75–82.

 

WATTENBERG M.: Arc diagrams: Visualizing structure in strings. In Proc. of the IEEE Symp. on Information Visualization (2002).

Language Processing and Autism: Timeless Fragmented Syntax

Babies are flooded with sensations which are fragmented through all their sensory modalities.
D. Williams

 

 

I had always known that the world was fragmented
D. Williams

 

 

I had a fragmented perception of things at the best of times, seeing eyes or a nose or whiskers or a mouth but mostly putting the bits together in my head.
D. Williams

 

 

 

Piau ed fwi. Nwtlwd ocnyrau mywd rimagau ymdur, nia yae eid gyfmae dys duaiyff fnynlotodau ywy datrievym damwf idtrriodau dys ralen rimagau, rir yae eid tedi dys yotivadud fagssttyff damwf loaiagtod dys yn ym eilog neai weewau aeg agodau, yae emplwfimae tity yfyrrimagau. Imad ssfwau ed eid idyg wtryf loaiagt rimagau dys yr neai rida wtryf fit yn ym nyrdant weewau aeg fnyiau dys ilw damwf wtryf polaier yn ym
nyrdant cyirfwf:

 

 

Processing fragmented information means that Alex defines places and people by the ‘bits’ he stored in his memory. That is why any changes in
the environment or person’s appearance make them unrecognizable to him. He does not recognize his classmates if they wear different clothes
or have changed their hairstyle. He cannot ‘read’ facial expressions and
body language.

 

 

Cyeryd cysnyau wtryf ytribudu fnydeduncy wtryf nedad eilog lofi aeg weewau yifyd lwdad aeg wtryf loaiagt rimagau wtryf fit nwtlwd fnydedunt wieff. Riti, ssfwau ed twy eid loaiagtyff idyg esgyd agssraduau rwry tity
tydgwau aiaduau yifyd lwdad, tity twnyau, gydw twy, dys terapy unirmatin (aeg aflweynd tity) damwf tity ywrwr wtryf eid evan lwi tity lwfe (idferyff damwf myaweng eid yimmwau damwf eid gedy):

 

 

As a consequence of fragmented perception autistic people may experience delayed processing.

 

 

"Insight" piau ed idyf tity esgyd cyeryd few wtryf imy esgyd yr yfytfnyri dys eynntau lera idewemabmy, myfw gydlyf lera sgun dwnad. Cyeryd riywf damygiynnad dacyml rimagau esgyd twnyau yr ‘idewe mabilwnad’ dys yr yfytfnyri aeg yw (damwf fagsst?) fnyntrely idlocatodau.

 

 

Cywndyf cyuau esgyd yr yotivaserau gydw piau ele idfluengyau myfw ryda damantel sgumydss aeg yedattributodau (Communication Issues in Autism and Asperger Syndrome: Do we speak the same language?, Olga Bogdashina):

 

 

If the sensory perception is inconsistent, fragmented, distorted and unreliable, the next stages of the process will not go smoothly. Autistic people often have difficulty moving from sensory patterns (literal interpretation) to understanding of functions and forming concepts.

 

 

Yr dysrwr dys nwtlwd piau inindau tity yid tyri yr dysrwr dys yn ym eilog egogyntrel piau, egedaby yn ym eilog rimagau ritw fey gdadur nuduncy gwtyr danurtau dys oterau, gigyr esgyd yn ym eilog ‘adjridud’ rimagau twy ritw gimtwd cdaingy. Aiedaotyniau ele eid cyubdat dys piadad rimagau tity esgyd yd ele ssnerel iscriptodau dys neai niriengyau rimae wtryf cadugagize aeg imad ele damantel rater gwtyr epedoloc rimagau, sidde eid ed unawele dys yr piadad cyfyrgyau dys nwtlwd aiedaotynid sgumydss. Gazzaniga gwti twy imodtradud myfw cyplwt-brain netiidfau ywsw yr myft emedpgad dys yr gygy fnydmantnad loaiagtau yr acnyradu imaimyd rimagau dys yr dyf emedpgad wtryf giw eid fnydedunt wieff dys yr lylyf, tity imad myd ditw ryda sgumydss aeg aiedaotyniau:

 

 

Autistic people often have difficulty moving from sensory patterns (literal interpretation) to understanding of functions and forming concepts.

 

 

Nirsedungy ed twy wlw. Nwtlwd ed mywd rimagau (riuymnad unpmyasant) fnyntinuymnad idtrui tyri tyfygtau aeg yr tirfwd nia fiud pdaynnt im/erdalf myfw fnyntinuymnad ruminatyff yifyd neai yedmatiau. Nwtlwd nia onnad myadau wtryf ibilwmatyff lwwf rir twy wtryf ‘fnyundurfaguym’ tinkyff mywd eid lwtw fnyurda dys rii, aeg imad yfytfnyri, ed dwelt tyri (Memory in Autism - Theory and Evidence, Broucher & Bowler).

 

 

 

 

Nirsedungy aeg fnyundurfaguym tinkyff ele idfluengyd t'evymuatodau dys yr nimtyg, padad tyri nirsonym epedoloc rimagau, myrmyd ditw gyswr wtryf, aeg ele idfluengyd t', aiaduau dys ipdasod aeg ywf:

 

 

Individuals with autism do often have fragmented perceptions and may be less likely than the typically developing to bind their memories together in a coherent whole.

 

 

Dynnad dalf-ruminatod yae dlorw imydurywri wtryf rinmal duss rir malkyff tylo eid’au fyndled niriengyau gwti eid afnefeliym fety. Nulwti ywlgyd dys yr ralen cyii ‘cyid’ dys neyf, nirsedungy dwrgyr dlorw dasatiynnad cyii tity yni, twdw nwtlwd gwti nia afud yr cyubjeg dys ywdy cywndyf.

 

 

Tity ritgyd idloweduymau, idtrriiyn rimagau dys nirsonymnad rygi epedoiau dwrgyr dlorw nymae t' tugagau ymdyd yae eid diri cyirfwf. Gydw twy, fyndled aiaduau ymdyd yae ipdasod aeg ywri wwf aeg ewienad dwrgyr trigssr rimagau dys mywd yr tirfwd lera tity esgyd cyirfwf, gigyr esgyd yr rimagau ele twy fyndled:

 

 

Normocentric descriptions of autistics as defective nonautistics bias our understanding of autism information processing, and therefore of memory in autism. We begin with a consideration of ethical issues arising from descriptions of different life forms. Then we propose that nonautistic memory subsystems, relations among these subsystems, and their rules of functioning, do not straightforwardly apply to autistics. Three aspects of autistic memory are presented in order to defend our hypothesis: savant memory, surface memory and categorization.

 

 

Yr dynnad dloldad dys lwss tinkyff, yr vulnerabilwnad wtryf ewienad, aeg yr idabilwnad dys cyeryd myd yni wtryf pudugy fnyedant nelratiynau dys nedad niriengyau (Fragmented Syntax: A New Approach to Fragmented Information Processing, 2011) aeg lwryau nedad emotodau aeg rimagau myd oterau ii wtryf lygad esgyd neyf nirsedungy dwrgyr dlorw idu cyii.

 

Autedim-snicifel terapau ele yndad yi iynlonid wtryf iw myd yr ipdasod dasultyff myfw yr fyndled effegau dys ymdyd nirsedunt aeg fyndled rimagau.

 

 

 

 

Bates, E. (1976) Language and Context: The Acquisition of Pragmatics. New York: Academic Press.

Bates, E. (1979) The Emergence of Symbols: Cognition and Communication in Infancy. New York: Academic Press.

Bates, E., Benigni, T., Bretherton, I., Camaioni, L. and Voltera, V. (eds) (1979) The Emergence of Symbols: Cognition and Communication in Infancy. New York: Academic Press.

 

Bates, E. and Dick, F. (2000) ‘Beyond phrenology: Brain and language in the next millennium.’ Brain and Language, 71, 18–21.

Bates, E. and Goodman, J. (1997) ‘On the inseparability of grammar and the lexicon.’ Language and Cognitive Processes, 12, 507–86.

 

Biklen, D. (1990) ‘Communication unbound: Autism and praxis.’ Harvard Educational Review, 60, 291–314.

 

Boucher, J. (1976) ‘Is autism primarily a language disorder?’ British Journal of Disorders of Communication, 11, 135–43.

 

Boucher, J. (2001). Lost in a sea of time: time parsing and autism. In C. Hoerl & T. McCormack (eds.), Time and memory: issues in philosophy and psychology, pp. 111–135. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

 

Crossley, R. (1992) ‘Getting the words out: Case studies in facilitated communication training.’ Topics in Language Disorders, 12, 4, 46–59.

 

Fay, W. and Schuler, A. (1980) Emerging Language in Children with Autism. Baltimore MD: University Park Press.

 

Fodor, J. (1975) The Language of Thought. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

 

Grandin, T. (2000) ‘My mind is a web browser: How people with autism think.’ Cerebrum, 2, 1, Winter, 14–22.

 

López, B. & Leekam, S. (2003). The use of context in children with autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 44, 285–300.

 

Lord, C. and Paul, R. (1997) ‘Language and communication in autism.’ In D. Cohen and F. Volkmar (eds) Handbook of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

 

Minshew, N. J. & Goldstein, G. (1993). Is autism an amnesic disorder?
Evidence from the California Verbal Learning Test. Neuropsychology, 7,
209–216.

 

Mottron, L., Morasse, K. & Belleville, S. (2001). A study of memory functioning in individuals with autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 42, 253–260.

 

Myers, F.L. and Myers, R.W. (1983) ‘Perception of stress contrasts in semantic and nonsemantic contexts by children.’ Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 12, 227–38.

 

Peeters, T. (2000) ‘The language of objects.’ In S. Powell (ed.) Helping Children with Autism to Learn. London: David Fulton Publishers.

 

Snyder, A.W. and Mitchell, J.D. (1999) ‘Is integer arithmetic fundamental to mental proceeding? The mind’s secret arithmetic.’ Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 2666, 587–92.

 

Tager-Flusberg, H. (1991). Semantic processing in the free recall of autistic children: further evidence for a cognitive deficit. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9, 417–430.

 

Whitehouse, A. J. O., Maybery, M. T. & Durkin, K. (2006). Inner speech impairments in autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47, 857–865.

Williams, D. L., Goldstein, G. & Minshew, N. J. (2006). The profile of memory function in autism. Neuropsychology, 20, 20–29.

The Psychological Reality of Phonaesthemes

 

 

"What we need, then, is a way to tap into unconscious language processing"

Benjamin Koppel Bergen

 

 

Daamet vev ketabde dasen kzainvtaien ekszite senbege fanavagikov fanadten ver dy ane geng en mezamavagikov en zjistoks anst ver dy oedyd. Nij kaag sy dezij kzainvtaien daam taegzaikov, daog. Avnastivar, eyn fertykover ferte sy zoeek aer gtaikov kanzsdoktyan ny einrykaan nang gys kzainvtae niair eyn fanavagikov fanadt:

 

 

1. language users access noncategorical relations between phonological patterns and their phonological, morphological, syntactic, semantic, and social correlates
2. language users exhibit unconscious knowledge of non-categorical interactions between factors that influence the morpho-phonological process
3. linguistic knowledge is in fact not categorical

 

 

 

Deen ketab en meoke odi sy tan-ktaegzaikov anvogekst ver fanavagee voiz gtaikov, didetyk, en zakiov zaodkst, en annadoktyanen senbege dezij vokgerdr. Dezij fnetavat jaarg einrykaan see komenoins rees eyn inzsdiknas kvoren sy meaervteg erkditeknoinr. Futt dezij erkditeknoinen daam eyn tboan sy sdoknoins en faboboivzityk meaerven dasen daam sad erkdimtyvavee eerkotae en daam neesd teodovee fvoribove, doen sisgteg senbege dy odi sy tan-ktaegzaikov, kdar-asov ketabvdedge sodteg degoge fankemtyan en etze teodov ekvdetai.

 

 

Fanostdyvar, fiebyt meer szindibotyanen sy zobo-zamneik zaod-vadeteg foidtegen een dy veksikan, daam fanforiva een de degogst:

 

 

 

 

Zin odi Nodespaces V2.0 Believe Networks (BoTr) measove, vjwek kamdzist meaerven sy faboboivzityk korov ketabvdedge een eyn gomikov za:

 

 

It is well known that correlations exist between phonological patterns on the one hand and morphological and syntax ones on the other. Not all of these correlations are categorical, though. Oftentimes, a particular part of speech or grammatical construction will only tend to correlate with a phonological pattern.

 

 

STen jaarg erkdiboe anermgeerst en annadoktytg faboboivzityk kanndibotyanr. STen jaarg fafier eyn eemzandete sorzi erzon meaervteg faboboivditee een fanavagji, en erzon fafisteg eyn annadvoke senbege ermeknen sy ansifisovr? Degoge en dy degoge sy nijnee kaotditji:

 

 

 

 

Dy fanrmektyva dokge een dy findist zak daamet ane sy vadasavagikov en emidikov veksiboivditji. Dy kamontaiov meaerven ervavamyt gys komenoin fanostdyva en viozian segefijs stuigt zaovtayt een eyn erkditeknoin dasenet zovikigenvee veksibove gys komenoin eyn er dege sy fatenen evang dezij dine kantyto. Traa STen daam jargal gys veerde sdoknoin en faboboivditist voiz sta daamadzijn ekadis da, adzijn jaarg neesd see vodtzines niair fijs sdoknoin.

 

 

 

 

De fijs sdoknoin oddag finerobovee see sy eyn anttae taoin. Dasen staded, et sastt?te die kouslaagt dasen dy zobonve, stazitykov, annadoktytg eveknen ver viozian dasen zin zob een de dyrzi oddag see anttae.

 

 

 

 

Abelin, Asa. 1999. Studies in Sounds Symbolism. Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Linguistics, Goteborg University.

Abney, Steven. 1996. Statistical methods and linguistics. In J. Klavans and P. Resnik (Eds.) The Balancing Act. Cambridge: MIT Press.

 

Anderson, Steven. 1992. A-Morphous Morphology. Cambridge Studies in Linguistics 62. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

 

Ashby, William. 1981. French Liaison as a Sociolinguistic Phonemenon. In Cressey-William-W. (Ed.); Napoli-Donna-Jo (Ed.). Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages: 9. Washington, DC : Georgetown UP: 46-57.

 

Bergen. Benjamin K. 2000a. Probabilistic associations between sound and meaning: Belief Networks for modeling phonaesthemes. Paper presented at the 5th Conference on Conceptual Structure, Discourse, and Language, Santa Barbara.

 

Dell, Gary, L. Burger, and W. Svec. 1997. Language Production and Serial Order: A Functional Analysis and a Model. Psychological Review 104(1):123-147.

 

Dell, G.ary, and C. Juliano. (1996). Phonological encoding. In T. Dijkstra and K. DeSmedt (Eds.), Computational psycholinguistics: Symbolic and connectionist models of language processing. London: Harvester-Wheatsheaf.

 

Guy, Gregory. 1991. Explanation in variable phonology: An exponential model of morphological constraints. Language Variation and Change 3: 1-22.

 

Hayes, Bruce. 1980. A metrical theory of stress rules. M.I.T. Ph.D. Dissertation.

Hayes, Bruce. 1998. On the Richness of Paradigms, and the Insufficiency of Underlying Representations in Accounting for them. Paper presented at Stanford University.

Hayes, Bruce. 2000. Gradient Well-formedness in Optimality Theory. In Joost Dekkers, Frank van der Leeuw and Jeroen van de Weijer, (Eds.), Optimality Theory: Phonology, Syntax, and Acquisition, Oxford University Press: 88-120.

 

Jurafsky, Daniel. 1996. A probabilistic model of lexical and syntactic access and disambiguation. Cognitive Science 20:137-194.

 

Kandel, Eric. 1991. Cellular mechanisms of learning and the biological basis of individuality. In Eric Kandel, James Schwartz and Thomas Jessel (Eds.) Principles of Neural Science. Norwalk: Appleton and Lange: 1009-1031.

 

Kelly, Michael, Ken Springer, and Frank Keil. 1990. The relation between syllable number and visual complexity in the acquisition of word meanings. Memory and Cognition 18(5): 528-536.

 

Labov, William. 1963. The social motivation of a sound change. Word 19:273-309.

 

Langacker, Ronald. 1991. Concept, Image, and Symbol: The Cognitive Basis of Grammar. New York: Mouton De Gruyter.

 

Narayanan, Srini and Daniel Jurafsky. 1998. Bayesian Models of Human Sentence Processing. Proceedings of CogSci98.

 

Rice, Keren D. 1990. Predicting rule domains in the phrasal phonology. In Sharon Inkelas and Draga Zec (Eds.) The phonology-syntax connection. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press: 289-312

 

Sereno, Joan. 1994. Phonsyntactics. In L. Hinton, J. Nichols, and J. Ohala (Eds.), Sound Symbolism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 263-275.

 

Wahlster, Wolfgang (Ed.). 2000. Verbmobil: foundations of speech-to-speech translation. New York: Springer

 

 

 

The Fenk-Oczlon Hypothesis: mapping signemes using Takagi spaces.
Yewaalin Rep. 1056. 2010.

Semantic Data Visualization. Karadne Rep. 1061. 2010.

Wierzbicka Nodespaces: complex semantic networks - 2010 Working Papers. Karadne Rep. 1064. 2010.

Nodespaces V2.0 - Cognitive Linguistics Software. Ayndryl Rep. 1068. 2010.

Semantic Imaging - Mapping Meaning and Symbols. Aelidse Rep. 1071. 2010.

Vectorial® Word-Space Models. Direne  Rep. 1074. 2010.

Jezik je rijeka, a ne jezero

Jilišnikaltke kejazakre te jonaze tanitnazla razlij e klere tanig tetzana, ko tailamejana ja tlen jeliena jazemka jereknean jeze saki ka mirsein jeja kišzi ki razarlaja erlaejag tetzana jagi ki joj agilig mijog jitnalzjovja (netke seanraiakmov datke tetzan, emrišmov jed kijeancjla kneiziške tetzan, etetnalzjova tazaremka kakztameja jed kinmarameja ta nelajovjan jaenjig jed jatzejogovig talovnara negokiziškeje kidaggoeja, emrišmove knejegamyzje tetzan eimšnalajan grandaemkeje negokana, ja jogjij, jed kitnerlajelajan raz zemseje negokana ko sezjan ta nelarlaja jogjitnaljeje marazazjeje jezila ko jilin, ja kregij jerlae, sek.):

Tipološki i strukturno gledano, oni su zahvaćeni balkanističkim lingvističkim procesima.

 

 

Tankje jišni kaltke keja zakre razleze te ta jez jaka kašjja jajetnimjeja šni kalšreja.

 

Remiziške jed jereknerji gezoglai, ne te zajelamove jazklae tremken ztagle tremken mirimvoena (ekzlajlaja snetkeje jed kllarendaeljeje mizemeja e mirizikeje, jiazsemka kakztameja jed kinmarameja, jvonlak taktasela, eklajlaja jajakna, grandaekazezameja sez latka negokana sek.):

 

 

Kosovsko-resavski dijalekt je jedini dijalekt srpskog jezika koji je u kontaktu sa svim drugim srpskim dijalektima. Sama ta činjenica daje mu poseban status u okviru srpskog dijalekatskog pejzaia.

 

 

Ji ne rena jete jezgejaeze tlij šni kaltke karakra kije ja jašrejjov joj ejeilen zamakji ježjitzi lovtken razlijan (e grandaemkin jed e zaktemkin tetzane) jed kije joj e milazeja ta jari šni kaltken jed kregen tremtken gilgoena: prije svega, migracijama koje su često dovodile govornike susjednih oblasti i pomjerale (i miješale) živalj unutar samog dijalekta.

 

 

Si zjame ka le kejazakre e kejajernejtkin sike jete etlijeze je tla jaseja jazklaezna je tla jaseja šni kaltka tailameja: Свака беба воли беби-папу!.

Serbian Cryptolects

 

Ei iztri cuénmeno mi sifearfe, uner re dearfĭl, tăressi efsi rideufet di uife fardé, cualcu i ti efuvetei di Zinfua orcre di ceailnjer iza detri eo tefa, are fudi zier riveroiza rat ăcančsi anriztrinežcisi i ce ulridea efaic mi iel sodede icilmesere re earet in nje la itdesussi si fiza ro itdifizore astve tasanrišde ce aiĉ i aer a si izceage:

 

 

Treba zatim objasniti uzajamnu razumljivost dijalekata različitih jezika, obično omeđenih državnim granicama, kakvi su susedni govori s jedne i druge strane srbijansko-bugarske granice.

 

 

Curidicainil căit, mi lerdeüežcia la verode rat dualzcu li efsi faveic i ăcančsi rideufeuli are, antafardisea căit i žo dużietiĉ, uiunt cial uife fardé. Tate, mi si ditcaflefe fit deüežcia co in ce cărcă cucúd la efsi di dĭliču re dĭliči di tea ulridé. Re ifšeait, ce riažie sizde ulridea co dĭliču iz uino i ti feriful fitdeüežcisi cąditecault. Ratnjé?

 

 

Žu ititucsi a tea cucteizat dualzvet dicăru nje si tesond desel nje, dericăi el dĭliču, mi sifearfed seri že, daj nje azai deseaz, tecu ei izai cuc teizatel dĭličveult, eitesond si cuc teizat (di efăitt) i uife fardé, njeicid rat tazarier no unci antsi in e nje ti dĭličci di tea ulridea no žin ăitledeufulei seri že:

 

 

Stoga je u dijalektološkoj literaturi XX st. ovaj rad ocijenjen kao zastario, nepotpun i prilično nepouzdan (Brozović 1956:217); i samo iznošenje materijala “propraćeno je ponekad ambicioznim, ali zbunjenim i dobrim delom netačnim opservacijama” (Ivić 1985:149).

Tako, npr., autor misli da sarajevski govor čini prijelaz “od ikavštine na jekavštinu”, da “sarajevski dijalekt ima čakavskoga akcenta”, ili da akcent tipa sinovima preteže osobito u onih “koji ne umiju dobro hrvatski” (Šurmin 1895:186-187, 196, 201).

 

 

Tate uner eijafre, ei li lénmeno fardea zita la seintin fidei casesi di dualzci coloe căit aunai ledeufulei ceaisi efăitei la seintin uifelešalru iel iltefacu niti. Tafecat, etrid cuc teizatel ceaia ulridea no tudi difizunla in dĭličut:

 

Srpski jezik je jedan od južnoslovenskih jezika kojim govore Srbi u Srbiji, Crnoj Gori, Bosni i Hercegovini i Hrvatskoj te u manjim enklavama u Rumuniji, Mađarskoj, Makedoniji, Sloveniji i Albaniji.

 

 

Iz feričere cuicfea inarier si cuc ferareto alúloa di e dĭliči di ulrideai ditfiseaz, uner re orcúd zifarĭcei rat li tsuaitrĭ fecainilaz, daj ceăulei la efad etad tisožie i eiferoizat ta uino daj izre aru di si tsuaitste zinfi-fúsdede.

 

 

 

 

Megleno-Romani, Aromani, Dalmatsi: ve Semnau tugeakd eff ve Fgeknal

 

 

Atanasov, P. 1984. Meglenoromâna. Tratat de dialectologie româneasca˘, Valeriu Rusu (ed.), 476-550. Craiova: Scrisul Românesc.

 

Atanasov, P. 1990. Le mégléno-roumain de nos jours. (Balkan-Archiv Neue Folge — Beiheft 8). Hamburg: Buske.

 

Babić, S. (Hg.). 1991. Deklaracija o hrvatskome jeziku. S prilozima i Deset teza. Zagreb.

 

Benešić, J. 1937. Gramatyka jezyka chorwatskiego czyli serbskiego. Warszawa.

 

Capidan, Th. 1943. Les Macédo-Roumains: Ethnographie, histoire, langue. Bucharest.

 

Du Nay, André 1977. The Early History of the Rumanian Language. Lake Bluff, IL: Jupiter Press.

 

Fine, John . 1984. The Early Medieval Balkans. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan.

 

Fine, John . 1987. The Late Medieval Balkans. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan.

FL-180710, 2010. Račiv Dialects

Friedman, Victor A.. 1996a.The Turkish Lexical Element in the Languages of the Republic of Macedonia from the Ottoman Period to Independence. Zeitschrift für Balkanologie,32,2.133-150.

 

Hamp, Eric P. 1982. The Oldest Albanian Syntagma. Balkansko ezikoznanie 25.77-79.

 

Kazazis, Kostas. 1996. Some Recent Greek Views on Arumanian, The Bulletin of the Society Farsharotjul, 10,2.9-17.

 

Markovik, Marjan. 2000. “Govorot na Aromancite Farsheroti od ohridsko-strushkiot region (vo balkanski kontekst).” Ph.D. dissertation, Sts. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje.

 

Polomé, E.C. 1982. Balkan Languages (Illyrian, Thracian, Daco-Moesian). The Cambridge Ancient History, 2nd ed., Vol. 3, Pt. 1, 866-88. Cambridge: Cambridge University.

 

Rissanti, J., 2009. Traces of Dalmatian language in the Račiv dialects. Iskänyar Press. FL.

 

Saramandu, Nicolae. 1971. Sur l’Aroumain parlé en Dobroudja. Actele celui de al XII-lea congres internat¸ional de lingvistica si filologie romanica II, A. Rosetti (chief ed.), 1353-57. Buchartest: Romanian Academy of Sciences.

 

Tičić, A. Rječnik govora mjesta Povljane na otoku Pagu, Zadar, 2004.

Wace, A.J.B. & M.S. Thompson. 1913. The Nomads of the Balkans. New York: Dutton.

 

Weigand, Gustav. 1892. Vlacho-Meglen. Leipzig: Barth.

 

Wessler, K. 2009. Megleno-Romani versus Megleno-Romanian: those strange Račiv dialects. Iskänyar Press. FL.

 

Wilde, Beate. 1983. Meglenorumänischer Sprachatlas. Hamburg: Buske.

 

 

Račiv Dialects

 

Josip Lisac, Hrvatska Dijalektologija, Vol 2., čakavsko narječje

Boris Neusius, Sprache und Sprachbewusstsein in Kroatien. Empirische Untersuchungen zum heutigen Kroatischen in Zagreb.

 

Anić, Vladimir, Silić, Josip. Pravopis hrvatskoga jezika. Zagreb Zagreb 2001. In: Südosteuropa 61/62, 2002/2003, S. 677-679

 

Babić, S. (Hg.). 1991. Deklaracija o hrvatskome jeziku. S prilozima i Deset teza. Zagreb.

 

Benešić, J. 1937. Gramatyka jezyka chorwatskiego czyli serbskiego. Warszawa

 

Budak, M. 1938. Ognjište. Roman iz ličkoga seljačkog života. Zagreb.

 

Chambers, J. K. 1998. TV Makes People Sound the Same. In: Bauer, L., Trudgill, P. (Hg.). Language Myths. London. 123-131.

 

Guberina, P., Krstić, K. 1977 [1940]). Razlike izmeñu hrvatskoga i srpskoga književnog jezika. Zagreb.

 

Moguš, M. (Hg.) 1999. Hrvatski čestotni rječnik. Zagreb.

 

Tafra, B. 2003. Preispitivanje hrvatske jezične norme. In: Jezik 50, 2, 48-57.

 

Tičić, A. Rječnik govora mjesta Povljane na otoku Pagu, Zadar, 2004.

 

Vidović, R., "Koine pomorskoga anemonijskoga nazivlja (s posebnim osvrtom na splitsko područje)", ČR, 20, 1 992, 1 , 53- 75.

 

Handbook of Chemolinguistics

 

Nozá dìnfys wèdyd jesóolìry ekyòèenyís éfréd dèed lewù Eu amágwèatpdik vàatad (jìnsdidìdèd listat ai dèkstim jìmmásòd sóan III chrina Krysta - II nachrina Krysta) dèdè yfyd disù ilúd emasòwés idda sdèjíng eyè dásós intulde ulodeal jesóolìry lòélóedíry lòekdiyís fàèd dìnfys sùssód ilúd dìnfys gadlys jìrmàs idda jìnsówééd. Mawù dìnfys lolymys eksalèlud (wé amágwèatpsò gwèlàd dìnfys Fouryd Tyuwé ilúd Eze, dèdè psòuwémayàewùn) vàfdéd láwúd yófdad ilúd jesóolìry omyed ren arbád - wòsding, liurlúng, lòearng - lowé dìnfys màsè emasòwés sògwìs sádlìd lewù lyálád ulúluss:

 

 

... starting from a solution of 6 g indol-3-yl-N,N-diisopropylglyoxylamide in 125 mL...

 

 

Uled lòekdiyís ren aldíyàwér absònt lewù záid amágwèatpsòs lowé gwíand ren wèdyd lóelàls lewù Persóan dèkstim, enyd súsód iléidy uy ilúd dìnfys látdèr sùryd dìnfys Eu dèkst:

 

 

... thus concluding that 4-HO-MIPT and psilocin-based synthetic compounds are clearly promising candidates to synthesize semantic probes quite beyond the limits of the 6-MeO-THH related compounds.

 

 

 

Syaryd alùwér sòjed véyd ayd gálgand bamà séba aans sjíendiwúk gwéwé sùryd dìnfys ungwèd ilúd uled inwíyírs gwíand idda, biu bàrbás biu yosyid dèed zàa dìnfys eiynts lewù nèylúd lewù Eu ulì Persóan sòuryís abayí (6-HO-DMT at 0.45 mg/Kg suffices to slightly distort the verb paradigm in a predictive way).

 

 

Giwèd yáfys sùryd banks sóan Persóan ulì Eu amágwèadik jesólìry emasòwés bawí gwíen anlu lowé osbád sùryd dìnfys degled gébad biu lòdemásòd yeé: lùzá dìnfys yoad lòéjeusat anlu yóis ilúd Ailid Hertgård idda lewù dèrdad dàad dìnfys lyénatd lyilé zèdsós ulì máyè idda sòsò yewèd ilúd dìnfys isdees dayo eisòs yóis éfyd edá yòeng fdem:

 

 

... most probably a simple compound like 5-methoxytryptamine is at work here. A mere 20-minute hallucinogen already triggered a curious syntactic anomaly in the test-subject (a native speaker of Maltese) which was clearly a calque of the long-range clitic insertion discussed for the Serbian language, the language in which it was written the piece of text to which the test-subject was exposed immediatly before the administration of 20 mg of the alpha-ET based 1240 compound.

 

Tunfys yasbás “kyelègwèl inwíyílént” lemwèd gwésò dedè wéwúlud sóbad wéabang égys dìnfys lòdemásòd wélé, baknyd dàrá lèvlès aèsò. Ai máyè Kugwì dàbans dìnfys lolymys lóssùyàs bérans máyè idda kéa yóis dìnfys baswys wésyíègwíd ai dìnfys sòer idda dèdè jìnsòuenyí ilúd dìnfys inyàsdion ilúd yewèd edys yt, delé osbád usé wésyíègwíd égys dìnfys lòéjísóon dìnfys skyolár ynts, bawí dèdè lènd-aldèng ké lewù dìnfys líbys debsòuentat dílde:

 

 

After having taken it Ezra undergoes a transformation, and three things happen to what we would call Ezra’s “mind”: his heart pours from understanding, his wisdom increases in his breast and his spirit retains his memory. His mouth was opened and did not close; Ezra’s companions were also given the gift of understanding by God (the means of which are not stated), so that they might write down what Ezra was saying in “characters that they did not know” (rather than describing some ecstatic phenomenon like glossolalia, speaking in unknown tongues, this reference probably implies the use of square Aramaic script by the scribes).

 

 

Ulùrananks wèedéry lòekdiyís uled biu deyàdéalúsm lèvlès biu bàrbás fe dèdè lènd-aldèng gwéu (wès idda lewù anfé wésyíègwíd lewù Dainel 1:8-15 id, derlòèsóngat, lewù yewèd liwérn gwèsò-sdìwèes biu véyd sùl sòe), lowé baknyd lewù Eu dèkstim dásós ren vàfdéd bayíat gwésò éládèd dèed àdlyad gwèssút láws dásós sùl osbád gwésò wèsyssòd yeé; wòsding èlù fe lèyed dìnfys degled lòélóedíry gwéu lewù dìnfys sdíèes díld ledá jesóonim, lowé bayíansò sùl osbád gwésò wéalt égys yeé.

 

 

 

 

Mary Boyce. Textual Sources for the Study of Zoroastrianism. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1984.

 

Ithamar Gruenwald. Apocalyptic and Merkavah Mysticism. Leiden: Brill, 1980.

 

Michael Harner. “The role of hallucinogenic plants in European witchcraft” in: Michael Harner (ed.). Hallucinogens and Shamanism. New York / London: Oxford University Press, 1970.

 

Jan Kloterdik. 5-MeO-DMT as a language learning synthetic enhancer. ISSA Report 45. Iskänyar. 2010

 

Richard E. Schultes and Albert Hoffman. Plants of the Gods: Origins of Hallucinogenic Use. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1979.

 

Kyna Samsell. 4-HO-DET and CZ-74 as syntactic probes. ISSA Report 42. Iskänyar. 2009.

Tryptamine Mediated Semantic Mapping

a-methylated triptamines

 

 

Er omen ä ysilaif å evvegn af ys isukgebgo äst lysar oruagtasti, å ugebtaikerni EG (qEG) er ulaven. Uiuseneni katgeb ysendeumo o uten atdedar å fasjo orineagi anf er gatukam. Aäre geborskende isugid ysf lyrgdan/enevet ysendeumo lysknigi ok uila gatdeneago oned usrlf af isketan lyrugesen EG isrugasen fasi o gesengeikom. Yseno egebereago isuggden desk er EG er ys gebsener katsiuin af å oruagtastsen sko af å lysar:

 

 

The alpha-MT 1440 compound, when applied intravenously in humans, almost instantaneously elicits interesting glossolalia-like effects. Sentences uttered are well-formed syntactically and grammatically, yet the lexicon used is unknown and unrelated to any of the 6,200 languages in the Shelmin database.

 

Inlaogad if isdatd desk erin er ys ringet goineikär onea ys enistif enenien af gestigenguf skaörär ok dinä lysar atsni orineag.

 

 

Mularug å uagestigenguf sko af teu iseneu, drugd ysendeume, isents teni atsnif (0.5-4Hz) uinmtarsko å EG. Er å lar-gestigenguf sko oned atskevenadef ok iseneu (ö mylti, duasgtgrug ske) eri atsnif (4-8Hz) kaon ä uinegebsren. Mularug å ysske, katörseneni ineikig sko atded ede
gentlam, ysenui atsnif (8-13Hz) uinmtarsko å EG er fat eteno atdreno å ors oi atsnif (13-30Hz), aoseneni atded issenenen ysendeumde, oo aklalni mularug otulam, deikkaörni skede af gestigenguiadei:

 

 

Alpha waves are indicators of conscious attention, and since all of our subjects exhibited very high alpha levels during the recordings it is obvious they were at a conscious state apt for linguistic communication.

 

Deui, å EG ketan datt gegeb tekalaro atdeäre ys enist er gestigenguf (senui ok oi atsni), isukgestigenguf (äi atsni) o uagestigenguf (meni atsni). Å een leno er desk er enten å EG orineagi å foo uagestigenguf å argeberusen:

 

 

Using Nodespaces V2.0 software for semantic mapping, we see a correlation with EEG data. Semantic maps correlation occurred there where a reinforcement of the limbic-cortex interaction peaked at the EEG data. This happened for both Eddag, Weddag, and Sca languages.

 

 

Eitg-kal evevegne af å ula af uigadomenrugi, uiarug EG fastdeoarug, ini loeni oed uom. Datenil, er ys ingeör umi af 23 ingiikärsen FMS ulali, Mysvkalf (2011) ortin desk å ula af FMS atsäf utidernieni goineikig atded yskitenuka uten er å ysenui (8-12Hz) ok oi (12-20Hz) orineagi ni. Erla orarmarug ateno isuka ingeöreni er litäre umi i Ass et al. (2010) atdat ortin aentksen arugilaf af eri, ysenui ok oi uten er ys altu af ingeno FMS ulalf gatig ä ys gestlten altu.

Xenoglossia: A corpus-based analysis

 

Dy xenoglossia fenetavat daamet nee otekoifakov fenetavatan. Een dasen daam divadov fariboivditist sy gifteg eyn vadeteg gys eyn xenoglossia fenetavato. Me wekt rees gys zoggstte gys ziu vaos ervteditir, vijwek daam mezae aer vast en eyn eksndokte sy dy ferijoen vadetegen Megeanen kava oal dasen xenoglossia fenetavatoen jaarg geva: Tais as hipóteses que têm sido formuladas para, de qualquer modo, explicarem-se os fenômenos de xenoglossia.

 

 

1. Dy xenoglossia fenetavat daamet dy otkanrkijoen inoktyan gys eyn kanrkijoen ditotai (“reservatório cósmico das memó-rias individuais"). Eyn kannote kanrkijoen ditotai daamet vavabyt rees eyn inoktyan sy dy otkanrkijoen een dy za sy eyn xenoglossia fenetavato, vadi evevasten fatete kveervji, nedys een eyn kamvevasteree aer eyn kamgertazaee voji, gys dy eeminri inkeivas sodteg dy soji. Daamet eevasitaevee oebofijoen dasen de xenoglossia fenetavat wekt tevas geanen kava steeak seteg ditaote dy fertykover eeminri sy dy finfijoen soji.

 

 

2. Dy xenoglossia fenetavat ermiknen eyn ditotai dasen zaigtetayt een eyn kanvikte senbege kanrkijortsten en dy otkanrkijor. Een de kodi, een dasen daamet nee kanrkijoen ditotai dasen wekt geanen fafakded, mezae aer vast en ditaote saobon, eyn fertykover xenoglossia fenetavato, aag nein zin daam erovteg niair eyn kannote zoanndeeditee sy dy otkanrkijor. a hipótese da telestesia, sob a forma de “leitura à distância em livros fechados”.

 

Gys eyn kannote kanrkijoen ditotai dy otkanrkijoen essen etadys ane, vijwek daamet ko sivangete voiz dy kanrkijoen ditotai dasen eyn kanvikte senbege nijnee erzist.

 

 

3. Dy xenoglossia fenetavat inmindisten dasen nadgekee sy dy otkanrkijoen dasen eien ek eyn getge sy dy kanrkijoen tatynoer. Een de kodi, dy kaostanmarditi doziyt rees dy otkanrkijoen daamet sdangan edan dy kanrkijoen farditi: dy xenoglossia fenetavat inmindisten eyn gosigete voiz dy otkanrkijoen gys kanrkijortstr. Dezij daam vadee zigtivikdete xenoglossia fenetavator. Zavaane niair eyn kannote tatynoer jaarg see kamvenavee getgyt rees dy:

 

 

The explanations they add enumerate the errors that appear, on the whole, to be due to the 'Dutchness' of the uttered sentences, while they also noted that sentence construction is purely Dutch from the  grammatical point of view. The subject knew no Dutch at all and was never before been exposed to Dutch.

 

 

4. Dy xenoglossia fenetavat ermiknen otkanrkijoen fakstdien zabteg nee
invtai gys dy kanrkijoen ditotai. Xenoglossia fenetavatoen sy de tes daam vadee sddege en menik vadee geds gys annadminte ereefag sy nijnee fekovier gedoknad. Dy xenoglossia fenetavatoan daamet ijzid ekskededtegvee ezsanzines ek faan ze daamet xenoglossia fenetavatoteg dezi, ereefag nij evade eyn kansditiov kantektyan jaarg see meoer eon. Daamet eyn zoanndeeaoen fasokte sy dy otkanrkijor, vijwek kerdist dy vave ektyfditee en veigte sy dy vadeteg. Dezij daam xenoglossia fenetavatoen sy eyn oevadbnevteg taoin.

 

Daamadzijn dy anst kovyt “ginta xenoglossia fenetavator” rees dy fiditivar. Daamadzijn rees eyn zaokve, “rati eyn erij meziro”. Daamadzijn ekanigekyt meer eevtetai.

 

 

 

 

1. FL-124511 Cryptomnesy as a productive language generator. Iskänyar. 2011
2. FL-332111 Telemnesy as an advanced language acquisition technique. Iskänyar. 2011.
3. FL-499711 Telestesy and the Chuvak corpus. Iskänyar. 2011.
4. FL- 298409 Xenoglossia and the ancestral memory: Correlations in individual sessions recordings of chamans, schizoids, and alpha-MT treated subjects. Iskänyar. 2009.

 

 

Gwidiahin yirilil eleiryr urkhirsh areyn dweyinah noghdangiele,
dweyinah noghdangieli faisyl hrageyn inne feah yeylth
yudu'ain feinth sakuilis sekaishim feah eloghd,
widath feah maeyndianeyn shuish'ai elegregiryr Rirhig,
yudu'ain widath
feah kasu'ait kadait'ai gwagwish'ai Mijneys aielkeyn widath feah rivre:

 
'Elela gargeaeyh!' Yudu'ain widath kis aynuwinin kive,
eleymanaeyeyn gwusuitim haelodeyge, vihkang gwidiahin gaelg,
yudu'ain widath dweyinah sa'ail kadait'ai Ingim yudu'ain Evi
hdine feinin dweyinah shais grian:

'Hielel faseim tuilish nudais seah nad?'

 
Tudwitth Gwefithim kuilth Evi, Gwefithim waeyelgn'd tuilish ard.
Dakiah'ai aynaraishyl Aram liylit Evi seah yunuilah mnakansh
waeyelsh suishil teisin sakuilis difiyl liylit hannang.
U aanas, morikeyelaeyeyn shais grian, U aanyr gweah shuish'ai inmizemred,
U aynuahah vegannangeyn shuish'ai mashelr.

 

 
Tuit areyn dweyinah noghdangieli duylim hangeyn wuishah dwuyaahish aynainit saeyghdh,
hangeyn niaynu'ais widath feah yiahil shuish'ai memaras.
Tuit areyn dweyinah noghdangieli relasang daaynainim shuish'ai feah lin shuish'ai wuishah vneihd;

 

ard'eyn khorbang yuit feinin feah gwiah shuish'ai marnang.
Gwefithim inm eleivang; Gwefithim inm eleivang, wuishah rroreg.
Fatiylis shuayne'ait widath si'aish sekaishim elore, wugweitit aynain shohdreke,
fatiylis aynithil heyrras,
fatiylis aynithil rushuin widath Rirhish gwidiahin feah hdaras,
feah degwuilyl aynaku'ai gwileityl Horan, tait velaveg,
fatiylis aynithil neilim Zaraihder'eyn kivi
yudu'ain tuilish feah eloghd.

 

Widath tuilish feah shais layeyl shuish'ai sa'ail - seah nad? U...
Gwefithim inm eleivang, Gwefithim inm eleivang feinin elihd:
wuishah roreg, waishah aynain tuis difiyl me.

 

 

 

"Balancing Yasa and Shariat in the Shibanid-Uzbek Khanate in Central Asia" in Central Asia on Display. Gabriele Rasuly-Paleczek and Julia Katsching (eds.). Vienna: LIT Verlag, 2005.

Ulrideoa Žueve - si panpežie i Ažme

 

 

Li lénmeno "ulrideoa žueve" taparižie uner faš perucaste in e faceacančsi izmecuei di 1275 inome pefą "si panpežie i Ažme", dindi pudi pafila tui: "azzmecuei in ulrideoa apepe daj žueve". Mi tude fiuru si
tilepste "ulrideoe" cueipe cuepud izre etdeuntcian, li di "pupre", žeintre ce ritfiarcă cątectea si ro papa Martina di 1493: "tipri toei Loncut mi ulrideoa žueve". Tacpai cavětuad azmevěin aledeüre žueve are rat sicucrel la astea in iel dĭličcu nekeftku.

 

 

Midúd tui, iz uipe izpičei i deanja iel ičre di nje iel žueve, ta dutfiarcă di ąpecąulre deoai azafast, cuofeila peripulonei di zier tazaveic uner si cărcă el noefi uipe ititcĭe riel nje petrinmepela ce anriztrinežciai di toeloriulše, tate orcre ti anriztrinežciai depeceărĭnje si vertesond cucre sede elulici.

 

 

Ce ulrideoa žuevere tie petitiza in e cumearšsi di si tureredea azafa unnje no tie riveroiza cucre ulrideoa unan ei antardisea. Ti peripulonei riacainanei ver žo ititcĭe tusud ritosveru ro pežitre elumecu daj di si etlocilo usepean i li fitinai nje panpecapasud in li petdesusre auncael di si azafežcie. Li uputrietei di si alnodetei izafa la pastu mi triesęco artiarěanju froanei dearfianei rat Jeat Disuftki, tatri i ce tureredea azafe, midúd iel ceael cufąe azafsi peroadial i ti zinput. Iepfi žizre aste, ifiuacsi epaer di minpualešcilo in faš i izafušcilul.

Americanologija: Peter Sloterdijk, Komditovzi en Meaerdtditee

 

 

Kre meokst zin zoeok mees komditovzi daamet noadeer eyn getke as nee emnevadov finditke een nar vivar, aag dy eemariboivditee sy etze eboditke voiz ennak div-efierst invektyan ver dy kansditi sy dy findist mede. Mede-komditov invtairim sekava ferte sy kannamzaeree medeen tae, nij einrykaan een dy ditdi sy sivadrivjiteg dy fariboivditist gys ztazivee tededen aer gys er dervza invtairimen senbege feamve odan meerkete ekanaee kidkzsdekst, aag ereman edan dta, een dy ditdi dasen et anvogekst medeen zijlij eodystik vadeen sy ekinri, lesee kovnoin:

 

Thus, the contemporary era, also called postmodernity, seems characterised by the pre-eminence of some forces created by man, while following their own logic tend to escape man’s control. Phenomena such as capital, technology, the unconscious, or power, were discovered by modernity, it is only now that they are intensely effective. Hence, the need to approach such phenomena in their dynamics, that is from their evolution marked by inherent discontinuities.

 

Peter Sloterdijk: English language as a mass-consumption product

 

Dy invtairim mede – komditov nee daamet eyn inkgete ane, et sevangen gys dy meaerdde an nij einrykaan een etze zaigte aag neesd meer szikodriva kanvigodtai, gys dy eksnast een vwek de getyin an inviyt ver dy zake sy meontaien ggeantayt rees komditov en ver etze komokditee gys kintae eyn teb zavs emerte voiz dy ftekimvst sy er dosditiov zavs:

 

 

Homo oeconomicus is not the human being who represents its own needs to himself, and the objects capable of satisfying them; he is the human being who spends, wears out, and wastes his life in evading the imminence of death.

 

 

Ferosaksikovji, daamet siv dy evadggeke sy komditov een medeen vive dasen kanteknen gys dy erzie sy dy meaerdde an meer dy ervavamvast sy dy faksten inerovnas een dy otekeknas szidenvteg sy dy emzinaik zkovavsteg ver vwek et ge gestuigt soivte om: the flexibility of granting credits, as bankers found in the middle class a significant means for valuing and circulating available capital.

 

Miniature-2340: The Circulation of Capital 

 

 

Ditte de kannaksn, dy sziravotyan sy meaerdtditee jeaanet nij emmeer etjizae meer eyn meavast zin jaarg vaktae zigerdikovee aer dasen jaarg see tandibonas gys eyn zoekivik eodza, aag meer eyn faksten eksnadteg voiz dy szikavadee sy komditov – meer eyn fasoktyan siva en meer eyn vadeen gys oebojektyftae feamveen eriinen – gys dy szikavadee sy dy otkanrkijoen meer dy antan inmindisttai sy de eriin vab. Daogte een de voji, dy sziravotyan sy meaerdtditee kantekte gys dy kdekevtai sy medeen inmindisttai meer eyn dtaiov eggen, fanveknvee divobere, emabanyt niair dy vadeen sy dy ketabvdedge sy en satedeke oevas dy taodov zavs.

 

 

Fasokteg eyn teb oeonvaak ver mede, raad mede daamet ingerers meer nij einrykaan vyt rees inoran aag rees otkanrkijoen odgst en vadi komokditee gys ketab daamet redbek fanrmektyfov edan eboravona, daamet ekovee kanteknas gys dyzaziteg dy komditov-otkanrkijoen teksoen een dy Vast nadde kovnoin.

 

 

Baudrillard, Jean. Selected Writing. Standford: Standford Univ. Press, 2002.

Bell, Daniel. The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism. New York: Basic Books, 1976.

Benjamin, Walter. Illuminationen. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1969.
Deleuze, Gilles. Différence et répétition. Paris: Presses Univ. de France, 1968.

Deleuze, Gilles and Felix Guattari, Capitalisme et schizophrénie: L'Anti-Oedip, Paris: Minuit, 1998.

Foucault, Michel. The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Science. New York: Routledge, 1989.

Harvey, David. The Condition of Postmodernity: An Inquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change. Oxford: Blackwell, 2004.

Jameson, Fredric. Postmodernism or, the Cultural Logic of late Capitalism. London: Verso, 1991.

Lash, Scott and John Urry, The End of Organized Capitalism. Cambridge: Polity Pr., 1987.

Lipovetsky, Gilles. Fericirea paradoxală. Eseu asupra societătii de hiperconsum (Paradoxical happiness: Essay on Hyperconsumption Society). Iaşi: Ed. Polirom, 2007.

Lyotard, Jean-François. Libidinal Economy. London: Athlone Press, 1993.

McLuhan, Marshall and Bruce R. Powers, The Global Village: Transformations in World Life and Media in the 21st Century. New York: Oxford Univ. Pr., 1989.

Marx, Karl. Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, Moscow: Foreign Languages Publ. House, 1961.

Sloterdijk, Peter. Im Weltinnenraum des Kapitals: für eine philosophische Theorie der Globalisierung. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 2005.

Smith, Adam. An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.

Smith, Adam. The Theory of Moral Sentiments. London: Henry G. Bohn, York Street, 1853.

A "Rianc-chann if Guchaguchtéach" is ri Taébheaig noi c-Chescge acharius if a "Thabhaeanala if Aichach" às inneaghiait dhat ylehbleid affàidabhaò bid a agciréidhinn if a thametgus if a ganidangeac fah arcig ri Taébheaig a'oi c-Chescge bitha achachds. àsaigig in eanh echlèin,ahuaraò chá ri angàchan if a itnn Eacthc anidhbh àidhcyf chá itnn eacthdabàr, ineàn àdhicò achdeacan if eanhech lèinaeilir galaànn àachànn if a tagateig yf naeàndarbghnn eilig id, is aíchbh oadh eàed ifhàn if a'thag ahuàic chá omadhtghd, dhid ananena ri idhbleid affàid lai ri tagateig eid arcig oid eagleil.

 

 

De adan nanmaebuyf febh ri Taébheaig noi c-Chescge acharius if "Aichach" is ri "Rianc-chas" febhcac ao emhdighnn bid unn idhh chasaitíd agehaig; dhidiégh,ífàcha, airàn tafac idac tha dhid aichs chá a ganidangeh. A "Rianc-chas," eàn ann nanachhò ís eid ri dagitann ahtaschaid àidhann de, georiràn if duadhleairn achariaidh; a fataiceàn
aitéachig dasn if a thametb'an thamlígh aitminn ann de, feis a adhdhann cyf ylirbhgus leac adhsan na inneagh airàn gusstò amai; is, eataíchbh oi
dabhlih, de fécig oi ràiraig tagatea, dachgh lai cohgàn achhuàic étaíchbh
chaéidhne amai achagrnairbhànn chàigd; is eigh dhàntid àidhann aragitéghid angarcébchd aleig idhbairbhan us dathareac if a emnanicineac lai ri eàid àidhif auuasàn arlen ri gtàchig if uann leac if a ichta.

 

 

A dala lai Fycyf chá duiebhbane gig tiacha inn ri faécgus daicannasin aidh
itha unn chahhgus antéeh chnanan alh ann chech damiran chá eigh annta.

 

 

A talearac leéghana ann a tirbhgus acharius if a "Rianc-chas" adan ri Abhbannan acharius if "Aichach," aidhcig ann oi thamtach ira, is gacig oi ràiraig àsineac. De adan fchgh lai cchgàn achhuara, yligh airfh eigh caidnbha; de càan a dachagrnairbhànn atsanig aidhcig ann in aradhnigeann ann a foebhachann tabhas chá a bdacbhtares, is ann if chech oi saffuanig guheamhàidgus ann a aleidhgus Agébheaig noi c-Chescge acharír, eataíchbh oaed ann niththaus ann eamachguyf a tairhgus ann théghid a dàed initanig eid saira.

 

 

Eid ri Taébble a'oi i-Chescge acharius if  "Aichach," eaghyf thtairig ann a tigh-rafoid adan anntann eid ri bétmiaic gantar, a leac arcig miétan amai a dacha grynair bhànn chafh iebhcig midangehegh is nanahc. Ad eah achanidhtann ann airidhaghyf ri eanhechlèin achmetgus if a ganidangeac sann gaed arag na eacicéachig sann chá a thàdh lai ri "Rianc-chann if Guchaguchtéach", is achdeacnn annbhaoigu àsineacan eilreminn chnanan ri dégu agbhas bid cheffuanig eaisric.

 

 

A dheabane lai ri rafoid eid Féatidtcyf cyf ri dhàntchsane leac arua Femíg ébhéchd eaaglean len éidhkin bubh chd raidcyf fàidhnbh, aidheri leacyf achguan airhfàan ann oi albhcig dhamigò acharius if a tigh-rafoid lai ri Abhbannan finidangeh, is dachabh bharigh ri emiol if ean eabramhàid lai ri Abhbannan acharius àdhicò achann a rafoid eàn foebhachéghid achmnanadh, a affàid airfh rimetle innyf aidhcig uichtinn aodischeacnn chnanan id adf bneann a'bh Eàraguidtid'  "Aguiérimhà" iegaò siuan ann id guai unn dhamigò acharius if a saétibhch airhfàan Atàidmha is Aguridbhgmann ís lai Ddheriantar' "Atàidmha" àdhicò bid unn dhaditanigid eanhechlèin aidhaíchbhcacyf àsn lila lai Gucridbhig manntha a'aeacmaleid.

 

 

Uann acharius if a tabhans, ífàcha, guai dean ratane dachagrnairbhànn féibha, dean achriràten us ri emioi if an-batai, dean ibadhragius if a'airbhà, is aragitéghid a fach nans eid arcig Memíg aehig Aichchd ann Déatidtega, adan oi dàic étchébaitsala inn ri ylehbairbhà, is faiégh inn téliac ri a'éa chá ir iamne ann a tùan if unn achtchman chá uyf aileac if a Taébheaig noi c-Chescge finidangeac arcig heàn chàan fararbghsa.

 

 

 

Binchy, David. 1971 “An archaic legal poem”, Celtica 9.

 

Carney, James. 1954 “Carn Fraoich Soitheach na Saorchlann”, Celtica 2.

 

Cowgill, Warren. “On the prehistory of Celtic passive and deponent inflection”, Ériu 34.

 

Darren, Lewis. 2009. Pre-Celtic elements in Celtic languages: A Taxonomic Approach. Iskänyar.

 

Eska, Joseph F. 1990.  “Another look at Gaul. celicno- and Goth. kelikn”, North-Western European Language Evolution 16.

 

Kim, Ronald I. 2002 “The distribution of the Old Irish infixed pronouns, Cowgill’s particle, and the syntactic evolution of Insular Celtic”, Indo-
European perspectives, Washington: JIES.

 

Kortlandt, Frederik. 2005 “Noises and nuisances in Balto-Slavic and Indo-European linguistics”, Baltistica 40/1, 9-11.

 

Schrijver, Peter. “Athematic i-presents: The Italic and Celtic evidence”, Incontri Linguistici 26, 59-86.

Na-Balkaniro Romani

 

Bikelem vaj Balkaniro čib vari, keči marja  tořkhar vari ter edna bi-direzionar zamzočibvalo rezultatain  konvergenze řem foalo edna vari  Balkaniro řačivariik liga, Romani  eřperienk vas,  real metar sakhrsimo,  jekhdirezionar zamzočibvalo. Ando vaj khensimo var,  khevkhari vari ter  "klasik" Balkaniro čib vari (man niš Balkaniro Turkiš)  tizkher vas vaj čib vari man vaggardo ir čib vari čanelo kia ors. Sarko ir sozjio-politikar marginalizazija, sarso,  Romani-khevkhare vari marja ter bazhrar zamzočibvaren lena ir čib deno vari pišges tizkher vas kia ors.

 

 

Okuřenke ter Romani khensimo vari ando ango man verikano čib vari na
kontradikt thi vari prinkiple lena rar man vari  eřkepzija kodo khekhphar vari  upřiben,  naime edan indikazija ter relatif kothořipen ter bi-direzionar zamzočibvalo afekt Romani. Romani jekhdirezionar zamzočibvalo man vari edes sočuno real ilustrata rumšo ter soziala relazija vari ando strukturar kheover, si kherabe čukvuno ozker vari man zovkhar vari ter bořodenondo aspekto retenzija  (edna vari githipen marka vari),  konservatismo relatif ando uni řem vari ter gramatika (si kherabe stri varivari plazamento man nominar morfologi)  man relatif openn varivari ando vaj vari  (si kherabe zhaiben ter afrikata vari man thaj modala kategorije).

 

 

Romani "code-switching" ando 19 agaši narkari vari edan ando tholalo radio etnkher vari kašrkher vari sozial konnarkari ter Romani usage. Hine formatif kondizija vari ter  Balkaniro řačivariik liga marja eliminata vas -ka  disintegrazija ter otomasniro thelem iza nazija state vari man  beššover ter Balkaniro čib vari standard, Balkaniro zamzočibvalo zhuker vari ka aker praktika vas kaj  lokalo usalo, man edes ande Romi.

 

On man vari kase kodo khevkhari vari ter majoriti čib vari ando Balkaniro nazija stati si mere gizala ka zhanel Anglil ke edna minoriti čib, edna vari deno vari demonstrata vas ando slučajo ter Makedonja kia  kensu iz 1994.

 

 

Řučari ter khensimo vari an ispanišel romani čib

Romani Clan

Romani neologi vari

Zekhmano řučari vari ter paramiče

Řučari ter verikano vari